Author: Addiction Blog

How to stop using crack
If you’ve decided to stop taking crack and wonder what’s the first step, you’ve found the right place. This decision could be the most important once you will ever make. Learn what exactly happens when you stop using crack, what to expect and the best way to quit. At the end, we invite you to ask additional questions about crack detox treatments. In fact, we try to respond to all legitimate questions personally and promptly.

Can I just stop taking crack?

It depends.

If you’ve been using crack for more than a month or so, it’s pretty hard to just stop taking it. You’ll need to be prepared for the emergence of withdrawal symptoms once you quit or lower your dose. This is because you’ve developed a physical dependence to crack, meaning that your body has adjusted to the presence of the drug and has modified the normal production of neurotransmitters. If you just stop taking it, your body triggers an abrupt chemical change manifesting a number of symptoms which can be unbearable.

If you are unsure whether your body has developed dependence on crack cocaine, or not, think of whether you have increased your dose lately to feel the effects of cocaine. If the answer is positive, that means you have developed tolerance to the drug which can occur at the same time as dependence. In these cases, a way to stop using may be to gradually decrease dosing since the body will feel the absence in a more subtle way and manifest more mild symptoms. Other people may benefit from a cold turkey withdrawal from crack.

What happens when you stop taking crack?

Once you stop taking crack, you go through a period of withdrawal. During this time, your central nervous system reacts to the absence of cocaine by manifesting a number of symptoms of “extreme slow down” and depression. Crack alters the brain chemistry in such a way that it modifies the normal production of neurotransmitters to release much more dopamine than normal. This is what causes the high. On the flip side, quitting crack can make you feel the low, and many people have a hard time feeling pleasure as a result of the decreased dopamine levels.

Quitting crack side effects

Cessation of crack is accompanied with a number of predictable side effects. An individual quitting crack may experience any or all of the following:
- aggression
- anxiety
- craving for the drug
- depression
- fatigue
- mental disturbances
- mood swings
- nausea
- pains
- restlessness
- sleep disturbances
- suicidal feelings
The intensity and the number of the side effects a person will experience will depend a great deal on their level of dependence. It is best to stay under medical surveillance during this stage, which can start few hours after cessation and usually peaks around Day 3 and can last for around a week, or so.

Stop taking crack suddenly

It is not recommended to suddenly stop taking crack without medical supervision, as this can increase the chances of relapse. Due to its highly addictive properties, expect that your body will not react well to this shock and the sudden stopping can provoke severe cravings and intense withdrawal symptoms. What’s recommended instead is to seek medical help, including psychotherapy and emotional support, during withdrawal. Nonaddictive medication may be necessary to treat underlying conditions such as anxiety and depressive disorders. So, getting the help you need can lead to increased chances for staying clean.

Stop taking crack cold turkey

Quitting crack cold turkey means quitting abruptly and provoking the withdrawal symptoms as soon as possible. While this is possible, it is not what doctors may recommend, since it’s pretty tormenting to endure. It can be both psychologically and physically traumatic so it is better to consult a medical professional about the efficacy of stopping crack cold turkey in your particular case, especially if you’ve been using crack for a while now.

How do I stop taking crack?

To stop taking crack, you should start by consulting a medical professional: a doctor, a psychiatrist, or psychologist. Seek help from people who have experience in addiction medicine. The first things to do is to bring the central nervous system back into balance. This stage of the recovery is also known as acute detox and it’s the most critical one since symptoms of withdrawal are most intense during this period. It’s highly recommended to seek medical assistance to have your symptoms monitored, or seek medical advice if you want to stay at home while your body gets rid of the toxins. In such a case, make sure your place is devoid of abusive substances and you have moral support from close ones.

Next may follow a period of “protracted” or “post-acute” withdrawal symptoms (PAWS). During this time, you may have trouble feeling pleasure, trouble with sleep, or with mood disorders. PAWS can persist for 6-12 months (or longer) after you quit crack…so seek the appropriate help for symptoms as you experience them.

Finally, the best way to treat crack addiction is by addressing the psychological and emotional issues that led you to crack. Therapy which addresses past trauma, ways of thinking, or beliefs about yourself can be incredibly helpful. You can seek individual therapy, group therapy, or family therapy for this. You can also look into support groups such as 12-step meetings, SMART Recovery, or Rational Recovery in order to benefit from peer support. The thing is: getting crack out of your system is just the beginning. You need to change the way you “do life” in order to stay clean after the detox.

How to stop taking crack safely
1. The safest way to stop taking crack is under medical surveillance.
2. It’s considered the safest way, because symptomatic treatments can help you to decrease the chances of relapse. The emotional support can also help increases your chances of success.Every time you want to quit, consult a medical professional before commencing and follow their suggestions.
How to stop taking crack questions

Do you have additional questions about stopping crack? Feel free to leave them in the comments section below and we will try to answer you personally and promptly.

Reference Sources: NCBI: Outpatient treatment of ‘crack’ cocaine smoking

NCBI: Cocaine and Psychiatric Symptoms

NCBI: Among long-term crack smokers, who avoids and who succumbs to cocaine addiction?

U.S. Government Accountability Office: The crack cocaine epidemic: Health consequences and treatment

View the original article at addictionblog.org
18 May 2019
Ready to stop doing crack? Ways to quit crack safely
Have you made up your mind to stop using crack and wonder how can you quit safely, you’ve come to the right place. Deciding to quit crack and seek help may be the hardest part of addiction recovery, but it is also the best call you can make for yourself. But how can you prepare for withdrawal and detox from crack?

After using any form of cocaine daily or almost daily, you should be prepared for withdrawal symptoms to occur when you quit or lower your dose. In this text we will explain what you can expect when you stop using crack and how you do so safely. In the end, we invite your questions and comments, and we try to respond to all legitimate inquiries personally and promptly.

Can you stop taking crack suddenly?

It may be difficult to just stop taking cocaine in cases of daily or few times weekly dosing. Frequent use usually results in physical dependence to cocaine, which means that your body has adapted to the drug and the normal production of neurotransmitters in the brain has been thrown out of balance. If you are dependent on cocaine and just stop taking it cold turkey, the abrupt chemical change manifests a number of physical and mental symptoms which can be very uncomfortable.

If you aren’t sure whether your body has developed dependence on the drug, reflect on dosage. Have you increased the amount or the frequency of crack use in order to feel the effects cocaine once used to produce? If YES, then you may have developed tolerance to the drug. In these cases, the best way is to stop may be to gradually decrease dose amount or frequency. By tapering crack cocaine, you will give your body a chance to adapt to the absence of the drug slowly, over a period of time. Thus, the withdrawal symptoms you experience will be far milder and more bearable. Still, some professionals recommend cold turkey withdrawal to avoid relapse.

What happens when you stop smoking crack?

Once regular crack use is stopped or decreased, you can expect to go through a period of withdrawal as your central nervous system (CNS) reacts to the absence of crack. Chronic or habitual cocaine use influences the production of neurotransmitters and increases the release of the happy hormone – dopamine, hence its pleasurable effects. So, stopping crack after using it for a while will cause an emergence of withdrawal symptoms which can last for days, weeks, or months. What’s more, people have a hard time to feel pleasure again as a result of the decreased dopamine level.

Side effects when you stop taking crack

Quitting crack goes hand in hand with a number of withdrawal effects. Here is a list of what can someone who stops taking crack can expect during the withdrawal period:
- aggression and violent incidents
- agitation
- anhedonia (the inability to feel pleasure)
- anxiety
- crack cravings
- depression
- fatigue
- flu-like symptoms
- irritability
- lack of motivation
- mood swings
- musculoskeletal pains
- paranoid feelings
- psychosis, hallucinations and other mental disturbances
- restlessness
- sleep disturbances and vivid nightmares
- suicidal feelings
The severity and duration of these symptoms is proportional with the level of crack dependence. If you have been using cocaine for a while now, instead of attempting to go through detox on your own, you can reach out to medical professionals. Staying under medical surveillance during the beginning, acute stages of detox, can be the difference between a relapse and successful recovery.

Can you quit crack on your own?

You might. But, it’s not recommended.

Sudden cessation of crack can trigger intense withdrawal symptoms and a strong urge to use cocaine again. Crack has highly addictive properties, so your body and mind experience a strong desire for cocaine once it starts to leave the system. As you are starting to crave the drug, withdrawal symptoms occur and make it even harder for you not to use again. This is why emotional and psychological support is crucial during this time. Detox clinics will often refer you to counseling or support groups to help you through the first days of withdrawal.

Quitting crack cold turkey

Quitting crack cold turkey described the abrupt cessation of crack and the unpleasant experience that results from doing so. Cold turkey withdrawal from crack is the opposite of gradually easing the process through slower reduction over a period of time, with the help of replacement medication.

There are people who have successfully stopped crack cold turkey, but it can be both psychologically and physically difficult. Moreover, sudden withdrawal can be dangerous, and this is why it’s recommended to seek help from medical professionals before you attempt to do this on your own.

How to quit crack cocaine?

Start by consulting a medical or mental health professional, or an addiction professional for advice on community and medical resources. You can seek help from professionals such as a:
1. licensed clinical social worker
2. medical doctor who specializes in addiction
3. certified psychologist
4. psychiatrist
These professionals can help you find the right kind of treatment program that fits your needs and that can provide medical help, psychotherapy, and emotional support. The first stage of addressing possible addiction to crack is to “clean” your body from the toxins that have accumulated. This stage of the recovery is also known as detox and it’s the most critical one since symptoms of withdrawal are most intense during this period. While the duration of time it takes for crack withdrawal to end varies by user, it’s highly recommended that you seek medical assistance. This way, you may have the symptoms monitored and have best chances for recovery.

Stop taking crack safely

The safest way to stop taking crack is by following professional guidelines under medical surveillance. Medical detox is considered the safest way to stop taking crack safely, as physical and psychological symptoms can be addresses as they appear. Together, this treatment can decrease the chances of relapse. Do consult a medical professional before beginning any detox plan and follow their instructions.

How to stop taking crack questions

Did we answer what you wanted to know about the ways you can stop crack use? We invite your questions if you want to know more. We try to respond personally and promptly to all legitimate comments and inquiries.

Reference Sources:

NCBI: Outpatient treatment of ‘crack’ cocaine smoking with flupenthixol decanoate. A preliminary report.
NCBI: Cocaine and Psychiatric Symptoms
NCBI: Among long-term crack smokers, who avoids and who succumbs to cocaine addiction?
Clinical Trials: Contingency Management Treatment for Crack Addiction
U.S. Government Accountability Office: The Crack Cocaine Epidemic: Health Consequences and Treatment

View the original article at addictionblog.org
18 May 2019
How to stop taking tramadol
Interested in quitting tramadol?

If you’ve been taking tramadol for a while, you won’t be able to simply stop taking tramadol. Why? Because when you use tramadol for a long period of time, your body starts developing a tolerance to tramadol which can develop to dependence on the drug. And when you get off tramadol, the presence of withdrawal symptoms manifest. In fact, withdrawal from tramadol can be dangerous and even provoke seizures.

So what is withdrawal from tramadol like? How long do tramadol withdrawal symptoms last? Learn what to expect and how to stop taking tramadol below. Then, ask your questions about tramadol at the end.

Can I just stop taking tramadol?

Yes. And no. You can stop taking tramadol whenever you would like to. But you can only quit tramadol cold turkey if you’ve been using tramadol for a short period of time. It is NOT ADVISABLE that you suddenly just stop taking tramadol if you’ve been using tramadol for extended periods of time.

Tramadol is an opiate pain killer and can result in uncomfortable and dangerous withdrawal symptoms if your body has become physically dependent. Withdrawal symptoms can include; seizures, insomnia, vomiting, and anxiety. In order to understand the full extent of tramadol withdrawal symptoms, it is a good idea to get help from a doctor. A doctor can tapper your use of tramadol slowly and over time until you’re no longer using tramadol. Tapering also helps alleviate the harsh effects of withdrawal.

What happens when you stop taking tramadol?

When you stop taking tramadol you go through a period of withdrawal. Why? With time, your brain and body adapt to the presence of tramadol in the system to the point that you integrate tramadol into the functioning of the body systems. As you continually take tramadol, your body then becomes dependent on it and without the presence of tramadol, your body manifests adverse effects trying to compensate. This “rebound” effect is characteristic of any drug withdrawal period as your body learns to cope with the new chemistry and function normally. Withdrawal is a way for the body to regain homeostasis. Withdrawal from tramadol begins about a few hours after the last dose of tramadol has worn off. Even if you don’t have an addiction to tramadol, you can experience these symptoms when you stop taking tramadol.

Side effects stop taking Xanax

You can develop a physical dependence on tramadol after only taking tramadol for a few weeks. Withdrawal effects may be more severe and intense the longer you are taking tramadol. some common side effects that occur when you stop taking tramadol can include the following:
- cough
- chills
- excessive sneezing
- depression
- hallucination
- insomnia
- nervousness
- numbness in the extremities
- panic attacks
- runny nose
- sweats
- tingling
- uncontrollable shaking
Stop taking tramadol suddenly

Never stop taking tramadol suddenly. If you stop taking tramadol suddenly, you run the risk of seizures, hallucinations, and losing concsiousness. It is better to work with a doctor and have your tramadol dosage slowly and gradually tapered. Doctors may substitute other medication that can help with any side effects you may be facing because of withdrawal.

Stop taking tramadol cold turkey

Opioids like tramadol can be painful to quit. Tramadol has also been shown to cause atypical withdrawal symptoms such as convulsions and seizures which can put you in danger if no one is watching you. Always let a doctor know about your intentions to quit tramadol before altering you medication or stopping on your own. You can only stop cold turkey if you haven’t been taking tramadol for a long time or if you experience a high tolerance for tramadol without adverse effects or the signs of dependency. Anytime you present withdrawal symptoms from tramadol, you shouldn’t stop taking tramadol cold turkey.

How do I stop taking tramadol?

The best way to quit tramadol is to work with a doctor and have him or her gradually taper you off the medication. Tapering tramadol doses helps your body regulate and can decrease the intensity of tramadol withdrawal symptoms. The timeline you and your doctor come up with will help you wean yourself off of the medication as you observe symptoms. In fact, it is helpful to schedule regular doctor appointments and make check-ins as you stop taking tramadol so that the prescribing doctor can make adjustments, if needed. If you have developed an addiction tramadol while taking this pain killer, seeking outside help is even more important. General tapering guidelines for opiates such as tramadol include the following recommendations:

1) The method of tapering will be dependent on the presence of other physical and mental conditions present.

2) In general, tapering opioids consists of a reduction by 10% daily, 20% every three to five days, and 25% a week.

3) It is never advisable to taper by 50% daily anytime during the tapering process.

How to stop taking tramadol safely

Tramadol is a popular opiate prescribed because it is considered a schedule III medication. That is, it has a lower potential for dependence and abuse. Tramadol should be safer than other drugs to quit. However, as mentioned before, the safest way to stop taking tramadol is to consult a doctor and follow instructions for quitting. While you are trying to quit taking tramadol, you can treat your withdrawal symptoms with over-the-counter medications or home remedies to help the ease symptoms of tramadol withdrawal. Other medications might be prescribed if withdrawal proves to be severe.

How to stop taking tramadol questions

Still have questions about stopping tramadol? Please leave us your questions, comments, or experiences about quitting tramadol below. We respond to all questions personally, and will try to have you an answer or reply ASAP.

Reference Sources: NCBI: tramadol
Daily Med: tramadol hydrochloride
Utah Department of Health: Prescribing Opioid Guidelines

View the original article at addictionblog.org
8 May 2019
Does Tramadol show up on drug tests?

Yes – sort of.

While Tramadol isn’t going to show up on standard drug tests that, say, a new employer would usually have you take, Tramadol will show up on a toxicology screening specifically designed for prescription drug detection. More on drug testing for Tramadol here…but if we don’t answer your question, please leave it for us at the end.

Why order a drug test for tramadol?

There are a few different reasons why you might be tested for Tramadol. The first is medical. Dangers of Tramadol including serious side effects, drug interactions, or overdose may require medical testing. If you’re admitted to a hospital and they suspect an overdose or need to find out what medications you’re taking, they’ll run a screen. You might also need to be screened for legal purposes. For example, if you’ve been convicted of taking the pain medication to get high off Tramadol without medical supervision. In other words, positive drug testing for Tramadol without a prescription puts you at risk of legal consequences.

Types of Tramadol drug tests

A blood test, Toxi-Lab A, can determine if there is Tramadol in your system or not. However, the test will not be able to show the level of the drug. The result will simply be a positive or negative. Tramadol can also be detected using special urine or hair tests, but there must be some reason or suspicion that Tramadol is in your system for these tests to be ordered.

Tramadol cutoff levels

In hair tests, Tramadol can be detected at low levels – those which would appear in normal use as prescribed by a doctor. In one study, a concentration as low as 0.176 ng/mg was enough to show up on the test. Anecdotal evidence suggests that urine tests are not as effective, since Tramadol leaves the system fairly quickly.

Positive drug testing for tramadol

If you have a prescription for Tramadol, it shouldn’t be a problem if it shows up on a drug test. If you test positive to Tramadol and you have a prescription for the drug, it should be easy enough to explain to employers, doctors, and anyone else who might request a drug test. However, in several states Tramadol is considered a controlled substance, so if you’re using it without a prescription, you may get into some legal trouble.

If you test positive and you’re using Tramadol illegally, there will likely be repercussions. The exact legal status of Tramadol depends on where you live, so if you’re concerned about it showing up on a drug test, find out what your local laws are.

Questions about Tramadol drug testing

Do you still have questions about Tramadol showing up on drug tests? Please leave us your questions about Tramadol drug testing here. We try to respond to all questions with a personal and prompt reply.

Reference Sources: Determination of tramadol in hair using solid phase extraction and GC-MS
NIH Clinical Center Test Guide
Missouri State Highway Patrol: Toxicology information

View the original article at addictionblog.org

8 May 2019
How is Valium prescribed?

Valium is the brand name for an anti-anxiety medication which contains diazepam, a Schedule IV controlled substance. Because people can abuse diazepam to get high, Valium is only available by prescription and can be used in tablet, gel and injectable form. More here on Valium costs, prescription doses and signs of Valium abuse. Plus, a section at the end for your questions about Valium prescriptions.

What do doctors prescribe Valium for?

Valium is a very versatile drug. Doctors may prescribe Valium to treat the symptoms of anxiety, muscle spasms, seizures, and even alcohol withdrawal. So, Valium works how? The main ingredient in Valium, diazepam, is part of a class of medications called a benzodiazepine that causes sedation and relaxes the muscles. Valium is also knowns as a tranquilizer, sedative, or central nervous system depressant.

Valium prescription dosage

How long Valium lasts does not vary (about 4-6 hours). But the dosage of Valium depends on the symptoms your doctor is hoping to treat. For example, someone suffering from anxiety may take between 2-10 mg of Valium several times a day. For alcohol withdrawal, 3-4 doses of 10 mg over the first 24 hours is the starting dose, but after that Valium prescription dosage will be reduced to 5 mg as needed. For muscle spasms and convulsive disorders, doctors recommend 2-10 mg of Valium between 2 and 4 times a day. In elderly people, the dose will be much lower, usually no more than 2.5 mg until the ability to tolerate Valium has been established.

Valium prescription cost

The cost of Valium will vary depending on your dosage and insurance coverage. Without insurance, the name brand version of Valium can cost upwards of $100 a month. However, the generic version of diazepam is usually less than $10. Unless there’s some reason why you can’t take the generic formula, it’s probably going to be much more affordable to buy generic Valium.

Can you get Valium over the counter?

No. You cannot get Valium over the counter. Valium is only available with a doctor’s prescription due the addictive potential of the drug. If you are suffering from anxiety or another disorder treated with Valium, your best option is to talk to your doctor and get his or her recommendation on the best medication to treat your symptoms. Valium isn’t the best option for everyone.

Signs of Valium prescription drug abuse

How addictive is Valium? – Very.

Taking more Valium than prescribed, or taking Valium in a way other than directed usually indicated Valium abuse. If you’re using Valium to get “high”rather than to treat your symptoms, you’re abusing the medication. Regular abuse of Valium does have risks -including addiction and increased adverse effects. But, no need to worry because help is available! In fact, there are many rehab options and treatment programs for tranquilizer addiction available to help you get sober.

Abusing Valium in conjunction with alcohol or other drugs can potentially cause illness or death.

Valium prescription questions

Do you still have questions about Valium prescriptions? Please leave your questions about Valium here. We are happy to help answer your questions personally and promptly. If we do not know the answer to your particular question, we will refer you to someone who does.

Reference Sources: ToxNet: Diazepam
Medline Plus: Diazepam
NCBI: Addiction to diazepam (Valium)

View the original article at addictionblog.org

8 May 2019
Crack detox timeline: How long to detox from crack?
Are you or a loved one using crack? Do you wonder how to quit? You’re in the right place.

To begin, you’ll need to remove cocaine from your body. But how long does crack detox typically last? What happens during the process? For more info on the duration and timeline of crack rehab and detox, what is the best crack cocaine addiction treatment program for you, and what you can expect in our A-Z guide about Crack Addiction Treatment Programs and Help.

At the end, we invite your questions and comments about treatments for crack detox. We try to respond to all legitimate questions with a personal and prompt reply.

Crack detox duration and length

The duration of time it takes to withdraw from crack and the intensity of symptoms varies from person to person. Generally, the first withdrawal symptoms appear within couple of hours after the last dose and persist for few days, peaking about 72 hours after last dose. Following the first week or two after stopping, the brain struggles to regain normalcy and produces intense cravings. And it is common for protracted – or post-acute – withdrawal symptoms (PAWS) to persist for months after initial detox.

The total time you spend during acute crack detox will depend on a number of factors including:
- amount of use
- duration (over time) of use
- frequency of use
- level of cocaine dependency
- your general health
Another determining factor is how psychologically ready you are to quit using. The first few weeks of crack detox ar, perhaps, the most critical point for slipping into relapse due to intense cravings. However, while detoxing is not easy, it is a necessary part of the whole recovery process. Remember, detox is only a beginning and will not resolve an addiction to crack; psychological and behavioral treatments are necessary.

Crack detox timeline and schedule

Once a person stops using crack there are predictable patterns that characterize the post-cessation period:

0-72 hours

The period between the first hours to 3-4 days after the last dose is known as the “crash” period and is characterized by the presence of symptoms such as anxiety, fatigue, sleepiness and intense cravings. The individual may also feel depressed and have suicidal thoughts, so being surrounded by medical professionals and/or close friends and family is highly recommended.

Weeks 1-2

Compulsive behavior persists in the first two weeks after cessation, but decreases as days pass by. During this period, the brain is struggling to adjust to the absence of cocaine and severe cravings can be triggered by thoughts, behaviors, or even smells. Individuals may manifest hostile and impulsive behavior and feel irritated and moody. They could also have trouble concentrating, increased appetite and experience vivid dreams.

Weeks 3-4

This phase is known as the honeymoon phase. Cocaine cravings gradually reduce and mood improves. Individuals feel energetic, confident and full of optimism. They want to go back to normal life feeling as if they have kicked the habit. However, it has been estimated that two-thirds of relapse in drug abuse cases takes place within 3 months post-treatment. Further, the treatment of protracted withdrawal symptoms (PAWS) should not be disregarded as this is another critical point when relapse is very likely to occur. For these reasons, ongoing psychological treatment is imperative after acute detox occurs.

How long to detox from crack?

It can take months to fully detox from crack and manage cravings for cocaine. How long crack withdrawal can last is highly individual. Crack damages brain functions and it may take three to six months after acute detox is finished for the brain to restore normal functioning. The symptoms that occur in the phase are known as Post Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) and in most cases these decrease over time. The most common symptoms of PAWS usually include:
- anxiety
- depression
- fatigue
- insomnia
Further, it is important to understand that each person’s detox will be different. The duration of crack detox will depend a great deal on the level of a dependency and a person’s individual needs. While the physical withdrawal symptoms from crack detox are most severe within the first week after the last use and reduce with each passing day, the psychological withdrawal symptoms may persist for weeks and even months after cessation.

Crack detox scheduling questions

Still have questions about crack detox or scheduling? Feel free to share your questions in the comments section below. We will try to get back to you with a personalized and prompt reply.

Reference Sources: NCBI: Cocaine and Psychiatric Symptoms

NIDA: Monographs Cocaine Treatment: Research and Clinical Perspectives

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

VRIS: Substance Use Disorders

View the original article at addictionblog.org
8 May 2019
How long does buprenorphine withdrawal last?

Buprenorphine can be a useful drug prescribed to treat opiate addiction. Because it is a partial agonist, buprenorphine (used in brand name medications such as Suboxone and Subutex) results in a milder degree of physical dependence and is associated with milder withdrawal syndrome following cessation. But what kind of timeline can you expect during buprenorphine withdrawal? And do people taking buprenorphine for opioid dependence experience less severe withdrawal than those who abuse buprenorphine to get high?

More here on how long it takes to withdraw from buprenorphine and what symptoms you can expect in the course of the first month after you stop taking it. Then, we invite your questions about buprenorphine withdrawal at the end.

How long until buprenorphine withdrawal starts?

What does buprenorphine withdrawal feel like? Basically, it feels like a really bad flu. Buprenorphine withdrawal can start in the hours or days after you take your last dose.

Generally, it is recommended that you gradually reduce your doses of buprenorphine over the period of 2-3 weeks before complete cessation so that the withdrawal symptoms are not as severe. Although the physical withdrawal symptoms resolve after a period of 7-10 days, the psychological withdrawal symptoms can last for months or longer. Symptoms of benprenorphine withdrawal include leg restlessness, nausea, and sweating, yawning, pain, anxiety, irritability, insomnia and cold or flu-like symptoms.

Buprenorphine withdrawal timeline

24 – 72 hours: Buprenorphine withdrawal will usually peak in severity and intensity 72 hours after your last dose and gradually become less intense. During this period, it is common to experience diarrhea, sweating, nausea, dilated pupils, watery eyes and restlessness.

Week 1: In the first week after stopping buprenorphine, week you will probably continue to to feel aches and cramps within the stomach area and in your joints. You may be uncomfortable during this time period and have difficulty sleeping. Mood swings are also common, with bouts of anxiety or depression.

Week 2: After two weeks of buprenoprhine withdrawal, the pain and discomfort of acute withdrawal may not be as severe but you still experience aches. Depression can starts to set in, as well, and you may notice an extreme loss of motivation.

Week 3-4: After three to four week mark, most of the physical withdrawal symptoms will be gone, however you will intense drug cravings may be present for those addicted to buprenorphine. Depression is also common. This time is very important, as you will be very vulnerable to relapse.

How long do buprenorphine withdrawal symptoms last?

Buprenorphine withdrawal symptoms last longer for those who use buprenorphine for longer periods of time or at higher doses. Additionally, those who use buprenorphine other than prescribed (snort, inject, chew) may experience more severe symptoms than someone taking buprenorphine as prescribed. In these cases, physical buprenorphine withdrawal symptoms can last weeks after stopping.

However, psychological withdrawal symptoms can last for many months after cessation. It is recommended that you join a support group or see a psychologist who can help see you through the protracted or post acute withdrawal symptoms (PAWS). Many heavy buprenorphine users experience PAWS. With continued use of buprenorphine, there comes a point where the brain produces in an inadequate amount of neurotransmitters in the body. People going through buprenorphine PAWS manifest long lasting changes in the brain as a result of long term use. These changes are slower to reverse and can persist for many months, depending on the frequency and amount of past dosing.

Buprenorphine withdrawal: How long?

How long buprenorphine withdrawal lasts varies depending on how frequently you used the drug and how large the doses were. If you were a heavy user, burprenorphine withdrawal may be more intense and last longer than someone using buprenorphine for a few months. It is also crucial that your family understands your situation so that they know why you are acting the way you do and can better handle it.

Buprenorphine withdrawal duration questions

If you have further questions about how long burprenorphine withdrawal lasts, please ask them in the comments section below. We will try to respond to you personally and promptly.

Reference Sources: NCBI: Buprenorphine withdrawal

FDA: Suboxone medication guide

NIDA: Methadone Research Web Guide: Part B

National Drug Intelligence Center: Buprenorphine: Potential for Abuse

View the original article at addictionblog.org

8 May 2019
I am in love with an addict: Why do I stay?

How many times have you asked yourself why you continue to stay in a co-addictive relationship with an addict? When you are in a relationship with someone where a substance comes first it is likely you have tried; ultimatums, interventions, rehab, AA, NA, therapy, family therapy, ignoring, begging, pleading, and crying to no avail. If sobriety IS attained, it is usually followed by relapse and broken promises. Ultimately things go back to the way they were—being last on the list of your loved ones priorities while drugs and alcohol is first.

So how can you become ready to address your own codependence and co-addiction? Tips from someone who’s been there here. And a section at the end for your questions or comments or experiences.

The Beginning Phase: Attraction and love

In the beginning of a relationship with an addict things are usually amazing. Stories of courtship are often described as an incredible experience. This honeymoon period is seen by the sober mate as a remarkable love story. This time is usually described as a period of charm, fascination, and attraction.

The new relationship is so intense that the addict is usually able to hide their demons. In order for an addict to function they must become very good at manipulation, lies and creating drama to deflect their substance abuse. Their behaviors may be so aloof, appealing and beguiling that the sober partner is intrigued by the mystery and thrill of the addict’s actions. Even if the sober partner feels that something may not be right, they ignore their instincts. The addict is able to make light of their substance abuse and convince their partner that they just like to party once in a while.

The person who is sober is so clouded by their desire to be with the addict they do not ask any questions.When the sober mate can no longer keep up with partying or accept the inconsistencies in an addict’s storiesthey may start to ask questions. At this point, it is typically too late. They are already in love.

The Middle Phase: Committment and concern

Loving an addict can bring up many mixed emotions. I started to notice that my boyfriend’s car was home when it was supposed to be at work. When I confronted him, he told me I was seeing things. Then I would drive by his work and notice his car was not there. I wanted to believe I was seeing things more than I wanted to face the fact that my gut was probably right. He called me one weekend and spoke to me in the strangest tone making some outrageous statements. He had disappeared for a couple of days and said he was with friends.

After my worry got the best of me, I went to his apartment. I found him sitting up on his couch, asphyxiating from a drug overdose. Because my feelings for him were so strong, I allowed him to let me believe that this was not a problem and things just got out of control. He swore it would never happen again. I was desperately afraid of this behavior but I loved him so much I felt it would hurt more to be without him.

The middle, or the “discovery period” of a relationship with an addict can be baffling. This is a time where the love is so strong and both parties have made commitments to one another but there is a clear realization that something is wrong. The discrepancies and contradictions in stories and unpredictable behaviors of the addict become more apparent. The addict is feeling more comfortable with the relationship and secure their loved one is not going to just up and leave.But it becomes more difficult for an addict to hide their addiction because they are spending more time with their partner.

Deep down, the sober party knows there is something inherently wrong. They will start to ask questions, dig deeper, and possibly confront the addict about their addictive tendencies. This discovery period can last weeks, months, or years, depending on if the addict is more functional or dysfunctional in their addiction. The sober partner may be questioning their own eyes, sanity, and reality just to try and believe an addict’s lies. Over time,the strange, unexplained behavior can no longer be chalked up to nothing.

It is at this time that the sober partner may become “hooked” or addicted to the addict. Their love becomes more desperate and they feel that it is their responsibility to help the addict see there is something wrong and fix it. The addict will use this love to manipulate their partner into staying.

When will this addiction end?

When it becomes clear that there is a problem things will start to deteriorate in the relationship. The decline can happen very fast. You see the addict as a different person from the one you fell in love. This new person is revealing themselves more and more of the time. The addict is no longer hiding their addiction but instead making excuses for it. Wanting to believe them, you entertain promises of sobriety and proposed behavior changes. These are typically empty promises.

The sober mate knows the addict’s life is at risk. The worry, fear, and obsession over their partner may become chronic. Nights are spent wondering if the addict will come home,and hours or sometimes days are spent waiting for a phone call. This becomes the norm. When they do show up, you watch your spacey-eyed partner make excuses as to why they were not available.The sober mate will make desperate attempts to plead for the addict to change because they hope there is still a viable future for their relationship.

Co-addiction begins

There is a turning point that occurs sometimes without notice. This is when the sober partner becomes a co-addict. A co-addict is a person who puts the addict’s addiction over their own needs. A co-addict will enable and cover up for the addict in an attempt to help them. A co-addict will spend countless hours trying convince them that they need help.

A co-addict is torn. They want to leave but they cannot. They want to believe the addict will change and think their support and love will save them. They want to be there when the addict recovers. Actions speak louder than words and usually the addict’s actions are not consistent with their words and promises. The two will go back and forth with one another making and breaking promises. A co-addict’s life will be turned upside down and inside out dealing with the addict.

Holding out longer than you should

Even though a co-addict loves a person with a serious disease and knows deep down they should leave, it is not always easy to walk away. While we cognitively understand that zero tolerance for drug use and abuse is required, some will marry, have children with, move in with, become financially dependent on and/or financially support the addict over the course of the relationship despite the addiction. Most feel they are abandoning the addict if they leave. Regardless of the scenario, most co-addicts will wonder when this will end and the person they fell in love with will return. That person may only show themselves now in glimpses. These short episodes keep us holding on longer than we should.

The reasons co-addicts stay no longer matter. The situation becomes so convoluted even the co-addict does not understand why they continue to the relationship. They only know what they feel and how much they still love the addict but abhor the situation.

How do you leave?

How do you leave someone you love so much even though they hurt you when they have a serious problem? That is a very good question. If you find yourself in this situation, you are not alone. There is help, but the help is not for the addict, it is for you.

View the original article at addictionblog.org

8 May 2019
How methadone affects sex and pregnancy (INFOGRAPHIC)
How does methadone affect sexual health? We review here. Then, we invite your questions about long term use of methadone as an opiate/opioid substitute at the end.

Methadone affects libido and fertility

Don’t have the urge to have sex? While you’re on methadone, this is normal.

Long-term use of methadone can cause a loss of libido and significantly lower the desire for intercourse in both, men and women. In medical studies, menstrual cycle irregularities, erectile dysfunction and sperm damage have been noted. So, methadone abuse can not only lower your interest in sexual activities, but can also harm your fertility.

Pregnancy complications with methadone use

At the beginning of the pregnancy, women should be given solid medical advice by their prescribing doctor and gynecologist. Basically, your dosing is best when it stays in the same. Most pregnancy complications are observed when methadone users try to reduce doses during pregnancy. In fact, medical professionals advise that methadone use throughout pregnancy should be continued (unless the risk is greater than the benefit and a doctor recommends).

Still, methadone is listed in the Pregnancy Category C and prolonged use of the medication can result in side-effects, including:
- physical dependence in the neonate
- neonatal abstinence syndrome
- decreased fetal growth in infants
- deficit in performance on psychometric and behavioral tests
- methadone withdrawal symptoms
Effects of methadone on breastfed babies

In the mother’s body, peak methadone levels will occur within 4-5 hours after taking an oral dose. If a baby is breastfed during this time it will receive 2%-3% of the oral maternal dose through the milk. As a result of ingesting methadone through mother’s breast milk, effects such as sedation and respiratory depression in babies have been observed.

Mothers should be informed and instructed by doctors on how to identify side effects in their baby that have occurred as a result of having too large dose of methadone in the milk. More importantly, mothers should be informed about the choice not to breast feed their babies, but to use a formula instead, or about when is the safest period of time for breastfeeding.

Methadone’s effects on sexuality and fertility questions

It is a fact that methadone helps addicts stay clean and live a drug-free life. But, when it comes to libido, fertility, conception, pregnancy and breastfeeding, it’s best to listen to the doctor’s guidelines, thus risks will be minimized. If you have any further questions or concerns feel free to ask us by posting your questions in the comments section below.

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View the original article at addictionblog.org
8 May 2019
Can You Test Newborns for Drugs in Texas?
ARTICLE OVERVIEW: Newborns are not systematically drug tested in Texas. However, consequences for substance abuse during pregnancy are described Texas Penal Code 22.041. More here on how you can lose parental rights for substance use in TX.

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
How Drugs Affect Newborns

During pregnancy, consumption of certain prescription medications and illegal drugs are not safe for both the mother and unborn baby. So, if you are planning to get pregnant or already expecting, it’s important to check with your doctor regarding prescription drugs and put an end to recreational drug use.

It’s important to understand how drugs can impact the health of a newborn before starting or continuing the use of any potentially dangerous substance. There are many short and long term risks that come with any kind of drug use during pregnancy, including:

Marijuana: By smoking marijuana, the levels of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are increased, which can reduce the oxygen supply to the baby. This can result in premature births, low birth weights, delays in development, and learning and behavioral problems.

Heroin: This highly addictive drug can not only severely harm the baby while in the womb but cause them to be dependent on the drug after it is born. A newborn can go into withdrawal after birth and experience symptoms such as irritability, convulsions, and sleep abnormalities.

Cocaine: After a fetus is exposed to cocaine, it can take much longer for the drug to be eliminated from their system than it would from an adult. Using cocaine during pregnancy can lead to premature labor, restricted growth, defects and learning difficulties.

Methamphetamine: Related to amphetamines, methamphetamine can raise the heart rate of both the mother and the baby. Newborns exposed to methamphetamine can suffer withdrawal symptoms, such as sleeplessness and muscle spasms.

PCP & LSD: As both of these drugs are hallucinogens, PCP & LSD can cause users to behave violently and self-harm, in addition to potential birth defects. PCP can lead to low birth weights, brain damage and poor muscle control, while frequent use of LSD can cause birth defects.

Neonatal Abstinence Defined

In 2014, an estimated 32,000 newborns were born with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, NAS, as a result of drug and opioid use during pregnancy. NAS causes a range of symptoms, including tremors and breathing problems, as the newborn withdraws from the substances they were exposed to while in the womb.

But how can a baby ingest drugs while in utero?

When a woman takes drugs during pregnancy, the chemicals are passed through the placenta and umbilical cord to the developing fetus. Chemical dependency then forms in the child if the mother takes a psychoactive substance over and over again during her pregnancy. And dependency ends after the baby goes through withdrawal…with associated risks and dangers.

With all of the risk that can come with drug use and pregnancy, monitoring the health of the mother and baby is a critical part of the pre and post-natal process. And part of monitoring can include drug testing.

Can You Test Newborns for Drugs in Texas?

No, Texas state law does not require drug testing in newborns. While there are no specific state laws to prosecute women who have used drugs during pregnancy, a prosecutor may be able to find ways to criminally charge the mother under other laws.

Currently, drug testing is not mandatory in every state for pregnant women and newborns. In other states, mandatory reporters must report suspected drug use in mothers, as it’s consider a form of child abuse. And in some other states, drug testing as a part of the process. For example, states such as North Dakota and Minnesota do require drug tests but only if there are drug-related complications at birth.

What Are the Laws for Prenatal Substance Abuse?

According to the Texas Penal Code 22.041:

“A person commits an offense if he intentionally, knowingly, recklessly, or with criminal negligence, by act or omission, engages in conduct that places a child younger than 15 years in imminent danger of death, bodily injury, or physical or mental impairment.”

Even though prenatal substance abuse is considered to be child abuse in 23 states, testing the mother and newborn is not a requirement in most states. There are many reasons testing would be provided, such as suspected prenatal drug exposure or evidence for child welfare proceedings.

What Are the Consequences for Prenatal Substance Abuse?

Drug use during pregnancy can cause many problems for the mother and child in addition to issues related to their health. Proven prenatal substance abuse and testing positive can lead to a range of legal issues as well. According to Houston drug crime lawyer, David Breston, the criminal penalties for a drug-related crime in Texas can range from a “a class “C” paraphernalia case to life in prison.

In other states, a positive drug test or if the newborn is exhibiting withdrawal symptoms can lead to revocation of custody rights. Loss of custody not only hurts the mother, but the child as well.
While infants and toddlers may be too young to process or remember the experience, it can have lasting and damaging effects, such as influencing their ability to love and trust others. The loss of custody is not only devastating but it can also take years to recover parental rights fully.

States that Require Drug Testing for Newborns

In recent years, testing newborns for drugs has become a highly debated topic. But laws vary from state to state. Here’s a snapshot of the laws as they currently are in states throughout the U.S.

Require to test: Indiana

Required to test AND report for prenatal drug exposure: Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, North Dakota and Rhode Island

Required to report prenatal drug exposure: Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, District of Columbia, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin.

Required for grounds to terminating parental rights: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin

Your Questions

Every day, the number of newborns born with NAS continues to increase. While it is not required to drug test a newborn in Texas, it’s important to know that it can still lead to severe consequences, including the loss of parental rights.
We understand that you probably have more questions about this topic. Please leave your questions in the comments section below. We do our best to respond to all real life questions personally.

View the original article at addictionblog.org
8 May 2019