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Tag: marijuana addiction

  • Cannabis Use Disorder Rising In The US

    Cannabis Use Disorder Rising In The US

    Cannabis use disorder affects 30% of the people who use the drug.

    It has been a popular misconception that you cannot become dependent on cannabis. It’s called cannabis use disorder and it is a lot more common than people think. Cannabis use disorder affects 30% of people who use the drug, a number that is steadily rising in states that have legalized it.

    What Is Cannabis Use Disorder?

    Here’s the definition of cannabis use disorder, according to drugabuse.gov:

    People who use marijuana frequently often report irritability, mood and sleep difficulties, decreased appetite, cravings, restlessness, and/or various forms of physical discomfort that peak within the first week after quitting and last up to 2 weeks. Marijuana dependence occurs when the brain adapts to large amounts of the drug by reducing production of and sensitivity to its own endocannabinoid neurotransmitters.

    Over the past decade, cannabis has become increasingly more potent. THC content in cannabis went from 3.8% in the early 90s to a whopping 12% in 2014. Federal prohibition has limited the research surrounding the effects of marijuana use on the brain and body. And researchers fear that the growing potency could have an unhealthy impact on the brains of underage users.

    A new study published in JAMA Network, explored how cannabis use and rates of cannabis use disorder changed from 2008 to 2016 after a number of states legalized the sibstance.

    Breaking Down The Stats

    • Cannabis use rose from 2.18% to 2.72% among those aged 12 to 17
    • Frequent cannabis use rose from 2.13% to 2.62% among those 26 and older
    • Cannabis use disorder rose from 0.90% to 1.23% among those 26 and older

    Compared to opioid use disorder, the rates of cannabis use disorder are incredibly low but the growing potency and availability of the drug suggests that the rates will conintue to increase especially if cannabis is descheduled and the federal prohibiton ends.

    The study’s authors found that while legalization and decriminalization have helped some non-violent marijuana offenders of color receive justice and shined a light on the racial disparity in marijuana-related arrests, cannabis use disorder still remains a concern that needs to be addressed. 

    Currently, medical cannabis use is legal in 33 states, DC and almost all US territories. Recreational cannabis is legal in 11 states and DC. 

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Could Cannabis-Based Meds Help Treat Cannabis Dependency?

    Could Cannabis-Based Meds Help Treat Cannabis Dependency?

    Researchers believe cannabis-based medicine could have a similar effect in cannabis-dependent patients as nicotine replacement therapy.

    The results of a new study suggest that cannabis-based medication could prove useful in treating patients who are seeking help with dependency on cannabis.

    Researchers from the Universities of Sydney, Tasmania and New South Wales, as well as health districts throughout Australia, claimed in the study that nabiximols, a cannabis concentrate containing equal amounts of cannabidiol (CBD) and THC could have a similar effect in cannabis-dependent patients as nicotine replacement therapy, which provides nicotine to individuals seeking to quit tobacco use, but without any of its harmful chemical content. 

    According to the researchers’ findings, a course of nabiximols given to study participants over a period of 12 weeks resulted in “significantly fewer days of illicit cannabis use,” as well as fewer health-related side effects.

    Nabiximols, sold by GW Pharmaceuticals under the brand name Sativex, has been used primarily in Australia to treat symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis, including neuropathic pain and spasticity. It is currently approved for use in over 25 countries worldwide, but not the United States.

    Epidiolex

    However, one of GW’s cannabis-based medications, Epidiolex, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat two types of rare epileptic syndromes in 2018.

    The study, published on July 15 in JAMA Internal Medicine, detailed the randomized clinical trial used by the researchers to determine their findings, which utilized 128 participants (30 women and 98 men) at four outpatient alcohol and drug treatment services in New South Wales, Australia. 

    The participants, all between 18 and 64 years of age, were seeking treatment for cannabis dependency—defined in the DSM-V as a “problematic pattern of cannabis use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress”—who had been nonresponsive to prior treatment attempts and had no other substance use disorder or medical or psychiatric conditions.

    Over the course of 12 weeks, the patients either received a nabiximols spray up to 32 times per day each week, or a placebo spray. Both applications were combined with cognitive behavioral therapy and other therapeutic support.

    The Results

    According to the study’s findings, the patients that received the nabiximols spray reported fewer days of cannabis use than the placebo group, and suppression of withdrawal and cravings. Both groups showed “comparable” improvements in health status, and tolerated the medication with few negative side effects. 

    The researchers reported their findings as a successful attempt to demonstrate the viability of nabiximols as a treatment for cannabis dependency.

    “We’ve never had the evidence before that medication can be effective in treating [it],” said lead author Nick Lintzeris. “This is the first big study to show this is a safe and effective approach.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Marijuana Laws in Rhode Island

    Marijuana Laws in Rhode Island

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: Marijuana is legal for medical use in Rhode Island. It is still illegal for recreational use but there are efforts being taken towards new legalization.

    Table of Contents:

    Is Marijuana Legal?

    Since 2006, marijuana has been medically legal in the state of Rhode Island under the law called, “Approved Qualifying Debilitating Medical Conditions”[1]. Though there are proposals in the works, Rhode Island continues to view marijuana as illegal for recreational use. In other words, without a proper medical card, being in possession of marijuana is against the law and will result in penalties.

    Cannabinoid Oil

    The Ocean State legalized cannabinoid oil, known as CBD, back in 2015. Because of its relation to marijuana, there are rules and regulations to be followed when it comes to purchasing and producing cannabinoid products. For example, cannabinoid products are not allowed to have THC content of more than 0.3%.

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    CBD was made legal to purchase across the nation for two purposes:

    1. It doesn’t get you high.
    2. It has many medical benefits.

    CBD is the chemical within cannabis plants used to treatmedical conditions such as [2]:

    • Anxiety
    • Inflammation
    • Intractable epilepsy
    • Pain
    • Psychosis
    • Seizures

    Marijuana Laws in Rhode Island

    As mentioned, marijuana is medically legal and recreationally illegal in Rhode Island. Without a proper medical card, you will face penalties for being in possession of marijuana. However, even with a medical card, there are still rules that you need to follow. [3] These include guidelines such as:

    You’re allowed to possess no more around 70 grams at a time.

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    You may be in possession of up to 12 plants and up to 12 seedlings.

    Two or more people with medical cards are allowed to harvest marijuana under the following regulations. Non-residential spaces cannot grow more than 10 ounces of usable marijuana, 48 plants, and 48 seedlings. Residential spaces cannot grow more than 10 ounces of usable marijuana, 24 plants, and 24 seedlings.

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    The laws for medical marijuana patients work in the same way as recreational alcohol. You are NOT allowed to drive while intoxicated nor consume marijuana in a public place.

    Furthermore, people with medical cards are only allowed to legally purchase marijuana through a qualified dispensary. A fellow card holder is allowed to share his or her marijuana with you. S/He is not allowed to sell to you. These rules are an attempt to stop the distribution of illicit substances within the state.

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    Penalties

    Penalties for the possession, sale, or trafficking of marijuana in Rhode Island vary based on your circumstance. For example, if you have over 1 kg of cannabis, you’re automatically considered to have the intent to sell. However, if you have less than 1 kg BUT also have an assortment of selling material like baggies or a scale, you can also be charged with intent to sell. The following table gives you a basic idea of marijuana possession laws and penalties within the state of Rhode Island.

    Again, these laws vary depending on your situation. For example, if you’re caught selling within 300 yards of a school, all penalties automatically double. If you’re caught selling to a minor, you receive a minimum fine of $10,000 along with a minimum sentence of 2 to 5 years.

    Marijuana DUI

    DUI laws for marijuana in Rhode Island work like the laws set up for drunk driving. The only huge difference is you can be charged more for possession of marijuana on top of your DUI. [4] Furthermore, the charges you receive will depend on your circumstance. For example, if you have a child in the car while driving under the influence of marijuana, you can expect to be face more penalties.

    The following are offenses with the general penalties involved with them. Understand, you can receive more or less of a consequence, depending on your situation.

    • First Offense

    ○ Up to one year in jail.
    ○ Suspended license for 3 to 12 months.
    ○ Fines of up to $800.
    ○ 10 to 60 hours of community services.
    ○ Driving school.

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    • Second Offense

    ○ Minimum 10 day jail sentence, maximum 1 year.
    ○ Suspended license for 1 to 2 years.
    ○ Mandatory drug treatment.
    ○ Fines of up to $1,500.

    • Third Offense

    ○ Minimum 3 year jail sentence, maximum 5 years.
    ○ 3 years of license suspension.
    ○ Mandatory drug treatment.
    ○ Fines of up to $5,000.

    If somebody was INJURED or KILLED due to your DUI, the penalties will be much greater. It’s common for these situations to bring upon felony charges, especially if your DUI causes a fatality. You’ll automatically be charged with vehicular manslaughter and can face upwards of life in prison.

    Views on Marijuana

    Currently, at the time of writing, marijuana advocates are taking action to legalize marijuana in the state of Rhode Island. With fellow New England states Vermont, Massachusetts, and Maine already allowing recreational cannabis, it wouldn’t be surprising if Rhode Island joined in too. In fact, a recent public opinion poll found that more people in Rhode Island favor legalization than discourage it. [6]

    With this in mind, the laws mentioned throughout this article may change in the near future. However, as is currently happening with legal states, rules and regulations surrounding cannabis is constantly changing. Therefore, the future of its legal status within the state and how it’ll be regulated remains a question up for debate.

    Is Marijuana Addictive?

    There are many out there who will tell you marijuana isn’t addictive. The unfortunate truth is, they’re absolutely wrong! Marijuana contains addictive qualities in a similar way to other drugs. People who smoke cannabis usually are addicted to its psychoactive elements and use the drug for mental and emotional reasons.

    You know marijuana causes a dependence because when a chronic user suddenly stops, they experience withdrawals. This is when the body begins to need marijuana in order to function normally. When marijuana is suddenly taken out of the system or when a high begins to wear off, you may feel the following:

    • Anger
    • Anxiety
    • Depression
    • Difficulty concentrating
    • Irritability
    • Mood changes
    • Trouble sleeping

    People also use marijuana for a lot of physical reasons as well. Some smokers will tell you they need marijuana in order to sleep properly. Or they have trouble maintaining an appetite without it. This is due to the fact that the body has adjusted to marijuana. Physical addiction can cause the following in individuals:

    • Aggression
    • Cravings
    • Difficulty falling asleep
    • Insomnia
    • Loss of appetite
    • Raise in body temperature
    • Restlessness
    • Sweating

    If you or anyone you love is currently struggling with a marijuana addiction, we can help. Our American Addiction Center hotline operators can walk you through the treatment process and answer any questions you may have.

    You are not alone.

    If you want to quit, reach out for help today.

    Marijuana Treatment

    Since marijuana affects people differently, treatment also needs to be individualize. Marijuana affects a person’s psychology and, therefore, treatment tends to focus on talk therapies. [5] The mental reasons we use marijuana are often very personal and need to be identified on an equally personal level.

    Keep in mind that a treatment facility should be customized to your needs rather than vice versa. Depending on where you go, the way in which the facility goes about treatment may differ. However, most reputable facilities will offer similar steps during treatment. These include:

    1. Medical Assessment

    A reputable rehab follows protocol and first offers patients a complete medical evaluation upon intake. This will involve drug tests, interviews, and a full medical and family history. This data is neededin order to discover the best course of treatment for you.

    2. Detox

    People go through detox when withdrawal symptoms are very strong and require medical supervision. Since marijuana’s physical withdrawals usually aren’t strong, you might not need to go through this step. Chronic smokers and those who use marijuana with other drugs can benefit from detox to flush out their system.

    3. Psychological Treatment

    When it comes to treatment, counseling is the most important step. Many people use cannabis as a means of relieving emotional stress or handling day-to-day life. The goal of psychological treatment is to change your thoughts, patterns, and beliefs. As mentioned, talk therapy is often the most common and effective therapy option when it comes to marijuana. This therapy will be a combination of individual and group counseling.

    4. Educational Sessions

    During treatment, it’s important to be enrolled in educational sessions which teach you about addiction. Learning about how drugs affect the brain can help you stay away from them in the future! The importance of this is to make you aware of the dangers and penalties which can arise through an addiction. It also hopes to prevent you from relapse.

    5. Supportive Services

    Most treatment facilities off supportive services. These include vocational training, housing assistance, financial assistance, legal assistance, and medical assistance. Not everyone will need this kind of help, but it should be in place.

    Your Questions

    Still have questions about weed in RI? If you have any further questions pertaining to marijuana laws in the state of Rhode Island or marijuana addiction and treatment, we invite you to ask them below.

    If you have any advice or information to share on these topics, we’d also love to hear from you. We try to reply to each comment in a prompt and personal manner.

    Reference Sources: [1] State of Rhode Island Department of Health: Medical Marijuana in Rhode Island
    [2] National Center of Complementary and Integrative Health: Health Benefits of Marijuana
    [3] NORML: Looking to Reform Marijuana Laws in RI
    [4] DMV.org: Rhode Island DUI & DWI Laws
    [5] National Institute on Drug Abuse: Is Marijuana Addictive?
    [6]Providence Journal: 3 of 5 in RI Support Legal Recreational Marijuana
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    View the original article at addictionblog.org

  • Marijuana Laws in California

    Marijuana Laws in California

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: This article outlines current marijuana laws, regulations, and penalties in the state of California. Your questions are welcomed at the end.

    Table Of Contents:

    Is Marijuana Legal?

    Marijuana is legal for medical and recreational use in California. The Adult Use of Marijuana Act,or Proposition 64, legalized recreational use of cannabis in November 2016 to anyone over the age of 21. The Compassionate Use Act of 1996 legalized medical use of marijuana to those over 18 with a proper medical card. Both of these acts continue to be in effect.

    However, it’s important to remember lawmakers are still trying to figure out how to make legal cannabis work.

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    In fact, legalization a new concept to the country as a whole; many laws are constantly changing.The truth is the state is still figuring out the logistics. For example, it was recently reported that a law is currently in the works to expunge prior convictions or decrease ongoing sentences for prior marijuana charges. [1] The law isn’t yet in effect as the bill still requires a signature from Governor Jerry Brown. You can follow updates concerning this issue here:

    In addition, there have been struggles regulating cannabis business. In July 2018, new standards were set for labels, packaging, and distribution. [2] When this law was enacted, legal marijuana stores had to get rid of their entire supply and wait for a new one to come in. This was a big hit to people who were purchasing cannabis regularly and, in turn, caused a flood back into the illicit market.

    Marijuana Laws in California

    In terms of the laws set under the Adult Use of Marijuana Act, the state allows the following:
    • For cannabis to be consumed in a private location.
    • For people to hold a maximum of 28.5 grams, or about an ounce.
    • For people to hold up to 8 grams of concentrates.
    • For people to cultivate up to 6 plants per residency.

    What the state doesn’t allow is the following:

    • Consumption of cannabis in public.
    • Manufacture without licensing.
    • Operation of a vehicle while under the influence.
    • Smoking or ingesting cannabis while you’re a passenger in a vehicle.
    • Possessing, ingesting, or smoking marijuana within 1,000 feet of a daycare, school, or youth center while children are present.

    It should be noted, though marijuana is legal in the entire state of California, only 18 of 58 counties in the state allow legal marijuana businesses and cultivations on a business scale. Therefore, those who reside in the other 40 counties run much higher risks as marijuana is only obtainable through illegal means.

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    Furthermore, since cannabis remains illegal on a federal level, you aren’t allowed to travel from California with marijuana through state lines. So, marijuana possession can be charged as a crime if you leave the state unless the state you enter directly has legalized cannabis as well, such as Oregon or Nevada.

    Penalties

    There are regulations that serve as the backbone to marijuana laws and are meant to keep people safe and responsible when consuming. Furthermore, legality doesn’t mean the drug is safe. Just like alcohol, marijuana comes with side effects which are often overlooked. Here you can find a list of possession penalties, but keep in mind the regulations are subject to change.

    1. Possession penalties

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    1.1. Possession of up to one ounce (28.5 grams) of cannabis or 8 grams of concentrate

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    1.2 Possession of more than one ounce (28.5 grams) of cannabis or 8 grams of concentrate.

    1.3 Possession of up to one ounce (28.5 grams) of cannabis or 8 grams of concentrate upon the grounds of, or within, any school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1-12, inclusive, during the hours the school is open for classes or school-related programs

    1.4 Possessing, smoking, or ingesting cannabis or cannabis products in or upon the grounds of a school, day care center, or youth center while children are present.

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    1.5 Possession of cannabis for sale

    1.6 Possession of an open container or package of cannabis or cannabis products while driving, operating, or riding as a passenger in a motor vehicle, boat, aircraft or other vehicle used for transportation.

    Marijuana DUI

    Driving under the influence laws for marijuana work very similar to DUI alcohol laws. The only difference is law enforcement measures alcohol through blood alcohol concentration, or BAC, whereas they have no way of measuring a cannabis high. Therefore, having any amount of cannabis in your system can result in a DUI as the result of marijuana consumption.

    NOTE HERE: Sometimes, house arrest or work programs are alternate sentences for jail time. Additionally, you might be a candidate for drug court and seek alternate sentencing in the state.The penalties for DUI of marijuana offenses in the State of California are as follows [3]:

    1st-Time Offender

    • A fine between $390 and $1,000.
    • Jail time of anywhere between 48 hours and 6 months.
    • License suspension of up to 6 months.
    • 3 month DUI school or 30 hours of classes.
    • Up to 3 years of probation.

    2nd-Time Offender

    • A fine between $390 and $1,000.
    • Jail time of anywhere between 96 hours to 1 year.
    • License suspension of up to 2 years.
    • 18 to 30 months of DUI school.
    • Up to 3 years of probation.

    3rd-Time Offender

    • A fine between $390 and $1,000.
    • Jail time of anywhere between 120 days to 1 year.
    • License suspension of anywhere between 1 to 3 years.
    • 30 months of DUI school.
    • 3 to 5 years of informal probation.

    These penalties become more severe if your DUI results in someone else’s injury. Depending on the situation, you could be charged with a felony which results in a fine upwards of $5,000 and/or risk 16 months to 4 years in prison.If your DUI caused a fatality, you will be prosecuted under vehicular manslaughter or other of the state’s murder laws. Even if the death was a result of an accident. This can lead you into a 15-year to life prison sentence.

    Views on Marijuana

    As discussed, there are 40 counties within California which consider it illegal to run a marijuana business or cultivation. With this in mind, we begin to see that the whole state doesn’t have the open opinion to cannabis as we might expect.

    For example, just because marijuana is legal doesn’t mean employers want to see it show up on adrug test. In fact, depending on the company, your cannabis consumption might cost you a job. This isn’t the case for every job. Some companies will allow you to use weed as long as you don’t get high on the job. But any job that requires operation of machinery can legally require clean drug tests.

    Another example, just as with alcohol, parents who consume cannabis are at risk when it comes to child custody laws. It all depends on the situation your case finds itself in. If a judge or jury finds your child or children are at risk due to your marijuana use, police records will be sought out from the following:

    • Law enforcement agencies
    • Medical facilities
    • Social welfare agencies
    • Third-party eye-witness(es)

    The court has a right to do this under California Family Code 3011. Furthermore, they have the right to drug test you if they’re suspicious of your child’s safety. At the end of the day, courts are looking out for your children and their well-being. Their two main concerns when it comes to cannabis consumption are:

    1. The harm caused to parents due to drug exposure.
    2. The harm caused to children due to drug exposure.

    With all this in mind, it’s understandable that not everyone has the same views when it comes to cannabis. Just because it’s legal doesn’t mean you’re guaranteed specific rights. It’s important to look into these matters before deciding to recreationally consume.

    Is Marijuana Addictive?

    Yes! Contrast to popular belief, marijuana has addictive qualities. Due to the fact that THC – the chemical in cannabis which gets you high – is psychoactive, people will feel physical addiction symptoms and more dominant mental addiction symptoms.

    How do you know if you’re addicted, or not?

    To begin, you can look at the physical signs. Not everyone who consumes cannabis will have these traits as the drug effects everyone differently. Furthermore, it’s unlikely someone will be addicted to cannabis if they smoke on rare occasions, such as once every few months. Chronic, daily users begin to manifest some of the following signs:

    • Aggression
    • Cravings
    • Difficulty falling asleep
    • Difficulty sleeping
    • Loss of appetite
    • Raise in body temperature
    • Restlessness
    • Sweating

    Most of marijuana’s addictive qualities take place within the brain. Its psychoactive factors are very similar to other hallucinogens such as LSD due to the fact that it heavily affects emotions and mentality. The risks include:

    • Anger
    • Anxiety
    • Depression
    • Difficulty concentrating
    • Irritability
    • Mood changes

    Though the short-term effects have their consequences, long-term cannabis use brings much greater risks. [5] Especially, when marijuana consumption starts at a younger age.

    In a study done in New Zealand, it was found that tenacious marijuana use from adolescence to adulthood showed a loss of 6 to 8 IQ points. The study found that those who smoked during adolescence then quit upon becoming an adult never regained those loss IQ points. However, those who didn’t smoke during adolescence but started a persistent habit during adulthood never lost said IQ points.

    Regular marijuana also has a tendency to bring upon withdrawal symptoms that can last for weeks. This is when the body and brain react to a lack of THC and improperly function without the chemical. Though cannabis withdrawal symptoms aren’t as strong as other drug withdrawals, such as heroin, they are real. So, if you are dependent on marijuana, you can experience the following when you try to quit:

    • Abdominal cramps
    • Aggression
    • Anxiety
    • Chills
    • Cravings
    • Headaches
    • Irritability
    • Lack of concentration
    • Lack of focus
    • Loss of appetite
    • Mild depression
    • Mood swings
    • Nausea
    • Restlessness
    • Sleep disorders
    • Sweating
    • Weight loss

    If you or anyone you love is currently struggling with a marijuana addiction, there are available resources to help you. Feel free to give us a call. Our hotline operators are ready to talk with you about medical treatment options.

    Marijuana Treatment

    Luckily, there are options available for marijuana treatment. It works a bit differently compared to other drugs considering the psychological implications of the addiction. Cannabis addiction treatment works in the following 5 steps.

    1. Medical Assessment

    When you enter a reputable rehabilitation facility, you’ll be given a medical assessment as a means of determining the best course of treatment for you. This usually includes drug tests, interviews, and a full medical and family history.

    2. Detox

    Not everyone who enters rehabilitation for marijuana treatment will required to go through detox. It can be helpful to certain individuals – especially those who chronically smoke or for those using other drugs in combination with weed – but it isn’t necessary for everyone. During detox, you’ll receive professional assistance in “weening” off the drug through monitoring of your health and aid in relieving certain symptoms.

    3. Psychological Treatments

    Talk therapy is the most important aspect of marijuana treatment. During rehab, you’ll learn how to get through day-to-day life without the use of cannabis. This is done through a change in thoughts, patterns, and beliefs. Once you identify your unique thought processes, counselors can help provide you with alternative ways of thinking and behaving without marijuana.

    4. Educational Sessions

    After or during psychological treatment, you’ll be enrolled in educational sessions which teach you about addiction. This is vital as those who are addicted tend to not be aware as to how addiction affects them.

    5. Supportive Services

    Within reputable treatment facilities, supportive services are offered. These include vocational training, housing assistance, financial assistance, legal assistance, and medical assistance. Just as with detox, not everyone will need this part of treatment. However, it’s there for those who can benefit from it.

    Your Questions

    Still have questions?

    Wondering if you need to quit?

    If you have further questions about marijuana laws or marijuana addiction treatment, we invite you to ask them below. If you have any further insight or advice for people, we’d also love to hear from you. We try to reply to each comment in a prompt and personal manner.

    Reference Sources:[1] NPR: California law would expunge many marijuana related crimes
    [2] Cannabis Regulations in California State
    [3] DUI penalties for California
    [4] SHRM: Can CA Employers Still Test for Marijuana?
    [5] NIDA: What are Marijuana’s Long Term Effects on the Brain?
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    View the original article at addictionblog.org

  • Marijuana Laws in Nevada

    Marijuana Laws in Nevada

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW:Nevada is one of the ten states in America where marijuana is legalized, both medically and recreationally. Yet, with legalization comes a set of laws and regulations many aren’t aware of. This article outlines these laws and the penalties the state levies if you break them.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS:

    Is Marijuana Legal in Nevada?

    Yes. Marijuana is legal for recreational and medical use in Nevada.

    Marijuana became medically legal in 1998 under the Nevada Medical Marijuana Act to anyone over 18 with a proper medical card issued through a doctor. Marijuana became legal for recreational use in 2014 to anyone over the age of 21 via the Initiative to Regulate and Tax Marijuana.

    However, legality doesn’t mean complete freedom on the use, possession, sale, or trafficking of weed. Just like alcohol, there are regulations surrounding the newly legalized drug in order to make sure people are safe and responsible with their consumption.

    It should be noted, just because cannabis is legal doesn’t mean it’s safe. Just as with alcohol, there are side effects to marijuana that people tend to overlook.

    Furthermore, laws aren’t completely set in stone yet. Since the state of Nevada is responsible for all regulations surrounding cannabis – and not the federal government – there are changes being made to the rules consistently. For example, in California, it recently became a law for people with prior marijuana convictions are eligible to have charges expunged from their records. Though a law as such hasn’t been set forth in Nevada, it’s very possible we’ll witness some changes in the near future.

    The importance of mentioning this is to be informed that lawmakers are still trying to figure out how to make legal cannabis work.

    Marijuana Laws in Nevada

    According to Nevada’s state website, anyone over the age of 21 is allowed to:

    • Possess up to 1 ounce of marijuana.
    • Possess up to ⅛ of an ounce (3.5 grams) of concentrates.
    • Possess up to 6 marijuana plants per person (no more than 12 in a household).

    However, there are regulations surrounding these allowances. In terms of possession and consumption:

    • It’s illegal to consume marijuana in public.
    • It’s illegal to consume marijuana in a vehicle, even if you are a passenger.
    • It’s illegal to use marijuana under the age of 21.
    • It’s illegal to pose as someone else as a means of obtaining marijuana.
    • It’s illegal to give marijuana to a minor (charges will be higher if the minor is under 18).
    • It’s illegal to operate a motor vehicle while under the influence of marijuana.
    • It’s illegal to purchase marijuana from anywhere other than a state-licensed store.

    In terms of growing plants, the following regulations are set in place:

    • You must grow plants within an enclosed area such as a closet or greenhouse with a locked door to limit access to them.
    • You cannot plant marijuana in a place that’s visible from a public place.
    • You must grow plants on your own property and, if you live on a property you don’t own, you must get permission to grow from the owner of the property.
    • You may not grow cannabis within 25 miles of a state-licensed store, in a place which is visible to the public, or on a property you don’t own/don’t have permission to plant on.

    Penalties

    Penalties will be charged to people who don’t follow the above rules. The general penalties are.

    Furthermore, it remains highly illegal across the country to traffic marijuana. You’re only allowed possession of a large amount if you have a state license to either sell through a store or cultivate cannabis. If you’re caught transporting or importing without a license, you will be charged with a felony, even if you’re unaware of the drug’s presence.

    These laws and penalties are structured under NRS 453.3385. Each penalty depends on how much marijuana you’re in possession of when you’re caught:

    Low-Level Trafficking If you’re in possession of 50 pounds, but less than 1,000 pounds, you’ll be charged with a Category C Felony.
    Mid-Level Trafficking If you’re in possession of 1,000 pounds, but less than 5,000 pounds, you’ll be charged with a Category B Felony.
    Large-Level Trafficking If you’re in possession of 5,000 pounds or more, you’ll be charged with a Category A Felony.

    In order to get a sense of the consequences, the following list explains the typical penalties attached to each category of a felony within Nevada:

    Marijuana DUI

    Do not get high and drive!

    Marijuana DUIs work similarly to alcohol-related DUIs. If you’re under the age of 21, penalties may vary. However, most penalties are strict.

    When you receive your first DUI, you’ll be charged with a misdemeanor which will result in the following consequences:

    • Between 2 days to 6 months in a state jail and/or up to 96 hours of community service.
    • A fine which will range between $400 and $1,000.
    • A Nevada driving under the influence school.
    • The Nevada Victim Panel (also known as a MADD lecture).
    • 90-day driver’s suspension.

    When you receive a second DUI, you can expect:

    • Up to 6 months in a state jail and/or residential confinement.
    • A fine which will be no more than $1,000.
    • A drug and alcohol treatment program.
    • The Nevada Victim Impact Panel.
    • 1-year driver’s license suspension.

    When you receive a third DUI, you can expect:

    • Between 1 to 6 years in prison.
    • A fine which will be no more than $5,000.
    • Alcohol and drug evaluations and/or alcohol and drug treatment.
    • The Nevada Victim Impact Panel.
    • 3-year driver’s license suspension.

    It should be noted that if a DUI inflicts either pain or death, you will be prosecuted under harsher penalties. In many cases, just hurting someone results in a Category B Felony which results in 20 years imprisonment and a fine of up to $5,000.

    Also, if you have previous DUI charges against you and get another which results in the death of another person, you’ll automatically be charged with a Category A felony. This will get you betweeen 25 years to life imprisonment without possibility of parole until after 10 years.

    If you are under the influence of marijuana and need a ride, it’s important to remember you have options other than driving yourself. These include:

    1. Calling a sober friend to pick you up.
    2. Calling a ride-sharing service, such as Uber or Lyft.
    3. Using public transportation, such as a taxi, bus, or train.

    Views on Marijuana

    Recreational cannabis was barely won in the state of Nevada – the final vote resulted in a 54 to 46 split. In fact, if you were to look at a map of the vote, you’ll notice the majority of regions in Nevada were against marijuana legalization. Therefore, we can’t define the entire state’s views on marijuana through the fact that it’s legalized.

    Just as with California, each county has its own rules and regulations when it comes to cannabis consumption. Though the law has been embraced within the areas surrounding Las Vegas and Reno, most of the state hasn’t set up marijuana dispensaries. And they may not feel any need to in the near future.

    This is important to note because though it’s legal to consume cannabis throughout the entire state, it’s illegal to purchase marijuana from sources besides state-licensed dispensaries. Therefore, those in the regions without dispensaries are at risk of breaking the law in order to gain a legal supply.

    Furthermore, if marijuana shows up on a drug test, you may be denied certain benefits, such as work or welfare.

    Is Marijuana Addictive?

    Marijuana can absolutely be addictive – both physically and mentally. It’s estimated that 30% of people who smoke cannabis have some level of a marijuana use disorder. This is more likely the case if people consume marijuana prior to the age of 18.

    The physical aspects of addiction will not appear with everyone who smokes. For the most part, chronic smokers (people who smoke daily) are the ones most effected. Physical addiction qualities will reveal the following signs:

    • Aggression
    • Cravings
    • Difficulty falling asleep
    • Difficulty sleeping
    • Loss of appetite
    • Raise in body temperature
    • Restlessness
    • Sweating

    The mental aspects of marijuana addiction are more prominent. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main active ingredient in cannabis, causes the drug to be psychoactive. Meaning people will experience a more mental high rather than a physical. Therefore, the addiction is likewise more mental. The psychological symptoms of addiction to weed often include:

    • Anger
    • Anxiety
    • Depression
    • Difficulty concentrating
    • Irritability
    • Mood changes

    People who are physically dependent on marijuana can expect to feel withdrawal symptoms when they quit using. Withdrawal occurs when the brain and body return to a natural, THC-freestate. Not everyone will experience the same withdrawal symptoms, however, the following is a list of the most common symptoms reported by people:

    • Abdominal cramps
    • Aggression
    • Anxiety.
    • Chills
    • Cravings
    • Headaches
    • Irritability
    • Lack of concentration
    • Lack of focus
    • Lack of appetite
    • Mild depression
    • Mood swings
    • Nausea
    • Restlessness
    • Sleep disorders
    • Sweating
    • Weight loss

    If you or anyone you love is currently struggling with marijuana addiction, there are available resources to help you. Feel free to give us a call for advice.

    Marijuana Treatment

    If you or anyone you love is struggling with marijuana addiction, there are marijuana addiction treatment options available. Since addiction is very personal and differs from person to person, treatment will likewise differ. Typically, you can expect to take the following five steps:

    1. Medical Assessment

    Through drug tests, interviews, and a full medical/family history, your addiction will be evaluated for the sake of discovering the best treatment course for you.

    1. Detox

    Since marijuana dependence isn’t as brutal as other drugs, not everyone will need to enter detox. However, those who do will want to make sure they find themselves a reputable detox center. Not only for the sake of having professional assistance for weaning off the drug, but also to relieve specific withdrawal symptoms.

    1. Psychological Treatments

    The purpose of psychological treatment and talk therapy is to teach you how to go back to your day-to-day life without using marijuana to handle emotional and life stressors. It begins with taking personal responsibility and build from here.

    Some people will find individual therapy most beneficial. This allows for a one-on-one interaction with a professional who seeks to discover the root of your marijuana addiction and help you change your throught and beliefs. Others find group therapy more beneficial as it allows you to relate with those going through similar problems.

    1. Educational Sessions

    One of the most important things you can do for yourself is to learn about addiction and how weed works on the brain. The goal is to make you aware of the psychoactive effects of THC to help prevent relapse and consider alternative ways to feel good.

    1. Supportive Services

    Some individuals will benefit from supportive services. These include:

    • Financial assistance
    • Housing assistance
    • Legal assistance
    • Medical assistance
    • Vocational training

    Your Questions

    Marijuana can be useful. But it can also get in the way of your best self. If you’re ready for help, please reach out and ask. Learn more about how marijuana addiction is diagnosed and treated by professionals. You don’t need to do it alone.

    If you have any further questions pertaining to marijuana laws in Nevada or cannabis addiction, we invite you to ask them in the comments below. We try to reply to each comment in a prompt and personal manner. If you have any advice to give when it comes to these topics, we would also love to hear from you.

     

    View the original article at addictionblog.org

  • A Word of Caution Before You Experiment with Those Marijuana Edibles

    A Word of Caution Before You Experiment with Those Marijuana Edibles

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: Edibles include brownies, cookies, and other sweets that contain marijuana. They get you high. However, the THC potency of edibles differs from smoking marijuana. This article seeks to inform you about risks of eating marijuana and the dangers to your physical and mental health. At the end, we invite your questions.

    ESTIMATED READING TIME: Less than 10 minutes.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS:

    What Are Marijuana Edibles?

    The short answer is that an edible is food infused with marijuana. Edibles come in many forms, including:

    • Baked goods
    • Beverages
    • Candies
    • Chocolates
    • Gummies
    • Lozenges

    Edibles may be homemade or prepared commercially for dispensaries. In order to understand how edibles affect your physical and mental health, we must first understand how marijuana works.

    Marijuana is a psychoactive drug that comes from cannabis plants. Generally, people smoke it to get high. The euphoric high is caused by marijuana’s active ingredient, Tetrahydrocannabinol (or THC). THC effects vary from person to person. Some people feel relaxed, happy, and less self-conscious while others feel sleepy, anxious, or uncoordinated. Part of the reason for difference in THC effect is related to your state of mental health.

    In recent years, vaporizers and edibles have become more popular. But how does it work? How does oral ingestion of marijuana differ from smoking it?

    How the Body Digests Edibles

    The high caused by eating marijuana doesn’t come on the same way as when you smoke it. When you inhale smoked marijuana, THC is delivered quickly from your lungs, to your bloodstream, to your brain. The high comes on almost immediately and peaks 20-30 minutes later. However, when you eat it, it can take up to an hour to kick in. What does this metabolism look like?

    Edibles introduce cannabinoids through the gastrointestinal tract. From the gut, THC is absorbed into the bloodstream and travels via the portal vein to the liver, where it undergoes first-pass metabolism. Here, liver enzymes hydroxylate THC to form 11-hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), a potent psychoactive metabolite that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier

    11-OH-THC is more potent than Δ9-THC and appears in blood in higher quantities when ingested than when inhaled.

    In this way, edibles are thought to bring on stronger and longer-lasting drug effect comparable doses of smoked cannabis. Not everyone who smokes feels negative effects, marijuana has the strong potential to bring on a bad experience. Especially when the person who consumed isn’t in the proper mindset.

    The short-term effects of marijuana can include:

    • Anxiety
    • Distortions of perception in sight, touch, time, sound, space
    • Increased heart rate
    • Loss of coordination
    • Problems with memory and/or learning
    • Trouble with thinking, and problem-solving

    The long-term effects of using marijuana include:

    • Changes in the brain
    • Fertility issues
    • Immune system problems
    • Respiratory problems

    The Dangers of Marijuana Edibles

    When people take a marijuana edible, they might not know what’s about to hit them. This could, in turn, have psychoactive effects which can be highly uncomfortable. For example, there are instances where people who eat a marijuana experience high levels of anxiety. The reason this counteracts the normal idea that cannabis relieves anxious states is because high amounts of THC can trigger the onset of anxiety. THC stimulates certain regions of the brain which are responsible for fear.

    Another mental risk involved in eating edibles is depression. It should be noted that most people don’t feel depression while high on cannabis, but rather, feel it after a long period of cannabis use. In general, people who use marijuana generally have higher symptoms of depression in comparison to those who don’t. This is the same for the mental health issue of schizophrenia.

    These mental issues don’t pertain solely to eating edibles and can be seen within a person who only smokes cannabis. However, the reason they’re mentioned is because marijuana edibles are a different kind of beast. Generally, the high comes on much stronger in comparison to smoking it and it lasts longer. With that in mind, the mental health issues can become much more serious when THC is eaten.

    Again, the effects always vary from individual to individual. But then there are situations such as Luke Goodman’s. Luke was a young college graduate who ate five times the recommended dose of marijuana edibles and shot himself. Though the cause of death was from a self-inflicted wound, the psychoactive effects of cannabis have been blamed for the decision he made.

    The dangers involved in edibles are very similar to that of cannabis in general. Simply, they’re taken to a new, higher level.

    Can You Overdose on an Edible?

    Yes, you can overdose when eating a marijuana edible.

    People don’t die from taking marijuana or its active ingredient, THC. However, an overdose doesn’t necessarily require a fatal consequence. According to Medline Plus, the definition of a drug overdose is when you take too much of a drug with the outcome of serious, harmful symptoms. Therefore, technically you can overdose from a marijuana edible.

    But what exactly is a cannabis overdose?

    When you either smoke too much marijuana or ingest too much of an edible, the following symptoms may arise:

    • Anxiety or panic attacks
    • Ataxia/Dizziness
    • Nausea
    • Possible crying
    • Sensations of dying
    • Sweating
    • Vomiting

    Furthermore, overdosing on marijuana can result in you having a psychotic reaction – a state of mind where you lose sense of reality and possibly become paranoid. Through these symptoms, there a larger potential for people to injure themselves as marijuana affects:

    • Coordination
    • Judgment
    • Perception

    Luckily, as long as the person overdosing doesn’t inflict injury upon themselves, marijuana overdoses don’t cause permanent disability or death. But that’s not to say these consequences don’t remain a possibility. When someone overdoses on marijuana, they may feel the following symptoms:

    • Disorientation
    • Fast heart rate
    • Hallucinations
    • Pupil dilation
    • Shortness of breath
    • Temporary paranoia, fear, and anxiety
    • Uncontrollable shaking or feeling cold
    • Vomiting and/or nausea

    If you or someone you love experiences a marijuana overdose, it’s important to go the emergency room or call 911 as soon as possible. Psycho-emotional issues can compel someone into doing something which can result in undesired consequence.

    Lack of Regulation – Even in Legal States

    One of the biggest issues with eating marijuana is that there’s little regulation involved in determining what’s “too much”. Part of the problem is everyone reacts to THC differently, especially when ingested through the stomach. For example, a skinnier person will require less of an edible in order to get the same dose as someone who weighs more. Admittedly, cannabis businesses encourage new-time marijuana users to start at a lower dose and go slow with how much they intake. However, dose specific reactions are unpredictable.

    Even in legal states, distributors are not entirely sure how to label marijuana dosages. Legalization is still very new. Therefore, without federal regulations, states must determine management of product labeling themselves. And what we’re noticing is different states have created different regulations.

    Edibles on School Campuses

    Another problem we’re seeing is that marijuana and edibles have found more accessibility on school campuses. Additionally, more and more teens using weed. Part of the reason is, with legalization, cannabis has become much more accessible in general. Therefore, kids and teenagers are finding a way to obtain it and share it with their classmates. Another reason is that perceptions of harm have decreased. The National Institute of Health’s (NIH) 2017 Monitoring the Future survey shows that marijuana is more popular than traditional cigarettes or even pain killers.

    While overall stigma around marijuana has decreased (and this can be good for medical purposes), when it comes to curious-minded young people, we’re telling them that cannabis is okay. We’re saying, in fact, that eating cannabis can be medically good for you! With that kind of outlook, teenagers are beginning to view marijuana as an alcoholic views drinking – as a means of self-medicating.

    The National Institute on Drug Abuse has a Monitoring the Future survey in which they observe drug trends amongst the youth. The survey reported these statistics:

    • About 1 in every 16 high schooler seniors use weed daily.
    • Daily marijuana smoking has surpassed daily cigarette smoking for all teens.
    • Only half of 10th and 12th graders perceive risks in smoking marijuana as they did 20 years ago.

    Harm Reduction Tips

    In order to avoid edible overdose, there are a few considerations to take into account. Factors such as:

    •  Eating habits
    •  Gender
    •  Metabolism
    •  Weight

    …contribute to how soon and for how long you will feel intoxicated following oral ingestion. However, the lack of consistency in how much THC is present in edibles and the delayed intoxication can lead to consumption of higher than intended amounts of the drug.

    For this reason, ALWAYS LOOK FOR THE PRECISE AMOUNTS AND RELATIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF THC AND CANNIBIDIOL IN EDIBLES. Further, do not eat more edibles than suggested for your gender, weight, and metabolism.

    Also know that labels may be inaccurate and formulas may be inconsistent. So, to be absolutely certain of what you’re about to eat….you may need to send a sample to a lab. At the least, seek more information from the person who’s selling you the edible.

    Be sure that you wait long enough for effects to onset. Avoid increasing doses or eating more until at least a couple of hours after your first bite. This way, you can reduce risk of compounded effects, including overdose and temporary psychosis.

    Finally, never eat a marijuana edible and then drive. More harm reduction tips here:

    Are Marijuana Edibles Addictive?

    Yes, marijuana and edibles can be addictive. In this case, however, addiction depends more on the person rather than the drug. Most people who smoke marijuana don’t become addicted. According to NIDA, from 9-17% of users become psychologically dependent on this drug. Still, you may wonder, how does one become addicted to cannabis?

    Well, there are a couple of factors to consider. The first is the age in which the person first consumed marijuana. When someone tries cannabis at a young age (their teenage years), their risks of developing an addiction increase. Another factor is if someone uses marijuana daily, they’re much more likely to develop an addiction than those who don’t use daily. On the other hand, people who smoke casually (not on a daily basis) are less likely to experience any of the symptoms which come with a marijuana addiction.

    Signs of an addiction include:

    • Anxiety, paranoia, and fear
    • Consistent coughing (may have mucus)
    • Distorted perception
    • Difficulty thinking and problem solving
    • Dry mouth
    • Impaired coordination
    • Loss of control
    • Poor memory
    • Problems with memory
    • Rapid heartbeat
    • Red (bloodshot) eyes
    • Slow reaction time

    With these symptoms in mind, it’s important to remember that – just like any other addiction, marijuana comes with its own set of withdrawal symptoms:

    • Chills
    • Cravings
    • Headaches
    • Increased feelings of depression
    • Irritability
    • Loss of appetite
    • Loss of focus
    • Mood changes
    • Sleeping difficulties
    • Stomach problems
    • Sweating (including cold sweats)

    So, what can you do if you think you’ve got a problem?

    Treatment for a Problem

    If you or someone you know is addicted to marijuana, it’s important they seek out treatment. Marijuana addiction can lead to the following negative effects if it’s left untreated:

    • The inability to cut down or quit using marijuana.
    • Spending lots of time thinking, seeking out, and using marijuana.
    • Reduced participation in what previously interested activities.
    • Choosing interests only when they involve getting high.
    • Problems with everyday responsibilities..
    • Using for the sake of escaping and coping with life stressors.
    • The dependence of marijuana to be creative.

    Upon entering treatment, you can expect the following:

    1. A medical assessment in which doctors will test you and ask you questions as a means of collecting information of your current condition.

    2. A medical detox in which you’ll withdrawal from marijuana. This usually takes about a week, however, since marijuana doesn’t affect the body nearly as much as other substances (such as cocaine and heroin), a medical detox might not be necessary. After the medical assessment, you’ll know how difficult your withdrawals may be.

    3. Psychotherapies are recommended to treat underlying issues that are buried. You’ll learn how to handle everyday emotions and life stressors without marijuana being a factor. Furthermore, you’ll be educated in techniques which can reduce cannabis cravings. These therapies can come in a variety of forms including:

    ◦ Family therapy
    ◦ Group Therapy
    ◦ Individual Counseling

    4. Pharmacotherapy (medication) is sometimes used to help ease withdrawal symptoms and reducing cravings. Again, since marijuana isn’t as physically addictive as other drugs, you might not need any medication. You should talk to your doctor if you think you’ll need medical assistance.

    5. Educational sessions in which you’ll be informed on the dangers of marijuana addiction and how to prevent relapse.

    6. Aftercare services which will provide you with support as a means of maintain sobriety.

    It’s important you seek out medical supervision while going through the treatment process as it’ll guarantee the success of you quitting marijuana. Since marijuana isn’t as dangerous in addiction as other drugs, you can safely withdrawal and get sober yourself. However, many find it of greater help to enter a reputable treatment facility and learn how to change their lives for the sake of sobriety. And at the least, you’ll benefit from working with a psychologist, counselor, or therapist. Guidance in addressing thought patterns can help you change behaviors.

    Where to Find Help

    The first person you’ll want to consult is your doctor or physician. S/He will be able to offer a brief assessment of possible addiction. Your family doctors or general physician can also give you the best references to treatment within your area.

    Second, you can call us for help. The telephone number listed on this page will connect you to a helpline answered by American Addiction Centers (AAC). The helpline is offered at no cost and with no obligation to enter treatment. We’ll discuss your treatment options with you, which can include rehab. So, if you are ready to get, pick up the phone and give us a call.

    Here’s a checklist of places to find help:

    Finally, look out for support groups in your local are. The people involved in these will help you along the recovery process and make sure you stay in sobriety. Marijuana Anonymous holds meetings around the U.S. Check their directory for listings in your city and state.

    Your Questions

    If you have any questions pertaining to marijuana edibles or marijuana addiction, we invite you to ask them below. If you have any advice to those struggling with addiction or curious about marijuana edibles, we’d also love to hear from you. We try to reply to each comment in a prompt and personal manner.

    View the original article at

  • Is Marijuana Today Truly Stronger Than It Was Back When Your Parents ‘Experimented’?

    Is Marijuana Today Truly Stronger Than It Was Back When Your Parents ‘Experimented’?

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: Young people believe the marijuana today is much stronger than it was when their parents were around. But is this true? If so, how much stronger can today’s marijuana really be? The article aims to answer these questions and inform you about how marijuana has changed in the past few decades.

    ESTIMATED READING TIME: Less than 10 minutes.

    Table of Contents:

    Psychoactive Properties

    Marijuana is the dried flowers of the plant “Cannabis sativa” which contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). It’s this chemical that causes psychoactive elements within the brain which many describe as euphoric and relaxing. Marijuana can come in a variety of forms including:

    • Edibles (food or drink with added cannabis extracts)
    • Hashish (concentrated resin from the flowering buds)
    • Hash oil (high concentrated oil from the plant)

    Effects have to do with the way marijuana affects our body when we ingest it. By targeting our nervous system, THC attaches itself to cannabinoid receptors and cause an effect of the user’s experience. These receptors can be found in areas of the brain responsible for concentration, memory, movement, and perception. When these area of the brain are triggered by THC, people tend to feel a sense of relaxation and euphoria. Some get very happy and enjoy everything about the moment. Others may feel senses of paranoia and anxiety due to THC’s effects.

    The main psychoactive effects of the THC found in marijuana include:

    • A sense of relaxation
    • An altered sense of time, sound, space, and sight
    • Bloodshot eyes
    • Dryness of mouth
    • Lowered attention
    • Lowered inhibition
    • Nausea
    • Sleepiness

    A Brief History of Marijuana Legality

    The legal status of marijuana has – more or less – influenced the potency, packaging, and consumption of this drug. Though marijuana has been around for centuries, it wasn’t considered an illicit drug until the 1930’s. Since then, use of marijuana has been outlawed across the nation and it’s been labeled as a Schedule I substance.

    However, in the late 1990’s, after some years of research, marijuana began to be considered a drug with potential medical properties. Pretty soon, states across the country began legalizing it for “medicinal purposes only”. Then, in 2014, Colorado became the first state to legalize marijuana recreationally.

    The legal status of marijuana has changed the way in which people get their product. No longer do you have to go to a drug dealer and buy whatever s/he has, often grown on small, single farm settings. Now you can go to a corner store and purchase from a wide variety of different strains…often produced by larger and larger companies.

    Remember hearing about “Big Tobacco?” The legal environment and demand for weed is sprouting a new “Big Marijuana”…complete with industrial scale production warehouses. But does the way in which people buy marijuana really affect how strong it the product being supplied is?

    Did Legality Make Marijuana Stronger?

    To some extent, yes. And there’s a simple reason. Those who grow the plant no longer have to worry about the law cracking down on them. They have more freedoms and ability to create the healthiest, most productive plant possible. Besides people smoking safer marijuana, this has also had the perk of cleaning up previously polluted illegal marijuana grow sites.

    With this knowledge, the question then arises, does a healthier plant make for a more potent drug?

    Maybe.

    The highest level of THC ever recorded in a single marijuana bud was tested at 32%. Legal strains of popular marijuana buds have an average THC count of 18.7%.

    Potency Levels

    Potency levels of marijuana vary from strain to strain. Within legal cannabis states, you’ll find that stores label each strain they sell with the amount of THC inside the product. According to NBC News, the average THC level in a legal Colorado marijuana plant is around 18.7%. However, this isn’t the most potent marijuana available.

    High Times magazine does an annual report on the strongest marijuana strains. In 2011, the winning strain had a THC count of 25.49%. That number rose in 2014 to 27.46% and was of the same strain. In 2016, the highest level of THC ever recorded in a single marijuana bud was tested at 32.13%.

    As we can see, marijuana potency is rising quickly. Still, it should be noted, what you’ll find at your local dispensary most likely doesn’t have a 30% THC count. Legal strains of most popular marijuana buds have an average THC count of 18.7%.

    So, is this number higher than it was thirty years ago?

    Potency Comparisons with the Past

    According to this 2016 article published in Biological Psychiatry , marijuana’s THC count was around 4% in 1995. This would leave most people to assume that the answer is clear – that marijuana is absolutely more potent nowadays than it used to be. However, when it comes to testing prior marijuana, there are complications which are often overlooked.

    The government has a way of testing marijuana known as gas chromatography. The purpose of this test is to get an idea of how much THC is in each plant. However, gas chromatography alters the chemical profile of a marijuana plant and even breaks down THC molecules. So, older methods of testing THC were fairly insufficient considering the fact that THC could’ve been burned away before final reports were made.

    Still, because marijuana was illegal across the nation in past decades, police seized tons of it. Leading to the hope that maybe scientists can get their hands on it and test it properly. But even those working with the National Institute on Drug Abuse are very limited to their studying of cannabis.

    Furthermore, weed differs from place to place and from strain to strain. Therefore, even if a batch of marijuana from the 1980s was given to scientists, it doesn’t necessarily constitute the overall average THC count of everyone was smoking.

    It’s truly tricky to determine how potent marijuana was back when your parents “experimented” with it. Still, there is one factor which remains true and may hold some answers.

    Potent Marijuana is Much More Accessible

    At the end of the day, it isn’t about whether marijuana is more potent now-a-days or not. Rather, it’s about how much easier it is to access potent marijuana.

    Look at it this way. When your parents “experimented” with marijuana, they weren’t able to walk into a store. Since they had to go through a drug dealer, their marijuana wasn’t labeled as it is now.

    Furthermore, it wasn’t legally grown in a safe and healthy environment. Therefore, they truly had little conception as to what they were smoking in comparison to marijuana users of today.

    Take into consideration the fact that the price of potent marijuana has dropped and you begin to get the picture that cannabis containing high amounts of THC has simply become more accessible. You can really get an idea of the convenience in obtaining marijuana today when looking at statistics of high school students who smoke.

    The National Institute of Drug Abuse reports of a sharp increase in high school marijuana use in the 1990s (around the time medical marijuana began to become available). Since then, the amount of marijuana use amongst adolescents has remained fairly steady with only a slight increase. However, the amount of people who see risk to marijuana use is sharply declining. In 2016, only 29% of 12th graders claimed there was a risk in regularly using marijuana. Twenty years ago, that number was closer to 60%.

    With that in mind, it can be determined that the overall perception of marijuana is most likely also changing the way in which we use it compared to our parents. Though this doesn’t change potency levels, since people are more lenient on using marijuana, more and more are willing to try it. With that, more are willing to buy into stronger marijuana. As the market continues to grow, so will potency levels.

    So, when it all comes down to it, marijuana is most likely stronger than when your parents used to “experiment” with it. However, it’s probably not much stronger. Instead, stronger marijuana is more accessible and, therefore, more people are smoking it.

    Risk of Addiction?

    Since the underlying problem with marijuana now-a-days is its accessibility rather than its potency, more and more people are:

    1. Able to get ahold of it.
    2. More willing to try it.

    Inevitably, this is causing more people to smoke chronically and become addicted. In fact, the National Institute on Drug Abuse estimates that 9-17% of people will become addicted to marijuana.

    Still, there’s a notion within our society that marijuana isn’t addictive and, due to its medicinal purposes, good. However, like other drugs such as pain medications, just because something has the potential for medicinal benefits doesn’t mean it’s impossible to abuse it. In fact, marijuana is one of the most abused drugs within America today.

    If you have concern for you or a loved one due to marijuana use, don’t overlook it simply because the overall perception of cannabis has become lenient. Marijuana addiction is very serious and can have numerous negative effects within your life. It’s important to reach out and seek help.

    So, Is Marijuana Addictive?

    YES!

    Considering its psychoactive effects, marijuana abuse is a prominent problem. People smoke to get high. But it’s not meant to be a long term solution to stress or anxiety. Though there are only so few physical properties of marijuana that can cause dependence, the psychological properties are vast.

    The signs of addiction are fairly related to mental side effects. So, you might be addicted to weed if you:

    • Experience cravings.
    • Realize that marijuana affects your responsibilities (i.e. school, work, family).
    • Use it daily and in large amounts.

    The Basics of Marijuana Addiction Treatment

    You are addicted to marijuana if you continue to use it despite it having negative effects on your life including:

    • Costing a relationship with another person or group of people.
    • Desiring to quit marijuana, but being unable to.
    • Experiencing marijuana withdrawals when you’ve reduced or quit.
    • Has affected your work and school for the worse.
    • Lack of activity in what used to interest you.
    • Needing more marijuana in order to feel its initial effects.
    • Spend a good amount of time, energy, and effort to obtain marijuana.
    • Using marijuana in dangerous situations such as operating a motor vehicle.

    Addiction treatment is available. The process of treatment varies from person to person, depending on their level of addiction. However, most people experience similar common characteristics of treatment based on talk therapy and possible medications.

    The first step to treatment is detoxing. This is when your brain and body rid itself of THC and return back to its normal, drug-free functioning. Usually, this process will last about a week, but it should be noted that THC can stay in your system for months. General withdrawal symptoms for weed include:

    • Aggression
    • Agitation
    • Anxiety
    • Craving
    • Insomnia
    • Irritability

    As you can see, all these withdrawal symptoms are psychological. With that, it can be expected that you’re going to need to take the time to learn how to manage day-to-day stressors without the aid of marijuana. These can be taught to you through psychotherapies. A list of common psychotherapies include:

    • 12-Step fellowship programs
    • Case or care managements
    • Individual and group counseling
    • Inpatient and residential treatment
    • Intensive outpatient treatment
    • Medication
    • Partial hospital programs
    • Peer supports
    • Recovery support services

    The road to recovery is a lifetime process. It’s important to surround yourself with the right support system and learn to live without the use of drugs. We promise, it’s very possible and you can do it!

    Where to Find Help

    It’s understandable if you have difficulty when searching for help with marijuana addiction. There may seem like there’s no options available, however, we guarantee those who can help are already around you.

    To begin, you’ll want to consult your doctor or physician. Through a medical assessment, s/he will give you a better comprehension of your current condition and the treatment you’ll need. Furthermore, they’ll be able to guide you towards the best addiction treatment centers within your area.

    Afterwards, you can research different types of treatment programs. By doing a bit of research, you can find one which best supports your needs. Keep an eye out for support groups either outside or within your treatment program.

    Since marijuana is a psychoactive drug which can form mental health issues, you’ll want to reach out to any clinical psychologists within your area. In order to do a more proper search, you can check out APA’s search engine.

    Lastly, don’t be afraid to reach out to family and friends. These are the people who have been in your life throughout your addiction and will continue to be afterwards. Their support is vital to the entire recovering process.

    Your Questions

    We hope to have answered your questions about the strength of weed over time. If you have any further questions pertaining to marijuana potency levels, how they differ from when your parents “experimented”, or marijuana addiction, we invite you to ask them below. If you have advice to give to those struggling with addiction or curious about potency levels of marijuana, we’d also love to hear from you.

    We try to reply to each comment personally and promptly!

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  • Are Women At Higher Risk For Pot Addiction?

    Are Women At Higher Risk For Pot Addiction?

    A new study explored the gender-based differences in the way cannabis affects the body.

    Women’s hormones put them more at risk than men of becoming addicted to cannabis, a study found.

    Specifically, the sex hormone oestrogen makes them enjoy the particular high of smoking pot, according to the research.

    Men are also at risk from a hormone—in their case, testosterone—which makes them more likely to try cannabis and then use higher doses more frequently.

    The research, which focused on studies of animal behavior, revealed that while women are less likely to try pot in the first place, they are at higher risk of developing a dependence on the drug.

    Hormones are powerful levers in most of human behavior, and this includes drug use. Due to how the sex hormone oestrogen responds to marijuana, the body’s pleasure center is more powerfully affected in women than men.

    Research published in the South Burnett Times found that the differences in the impact on the endocannabinoid system in men and women were centered around testosterone, oestradiol (oestrogen) and progesterone. 

    The endocannabinoid system, or ECS, is a complex network of cannabinoid receptors expressed in cells of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. ECS helps to bring about homeostasis in all the major body systems to ensure that the body as a whole works in harmony and health.

    Study co-author Dr. Liana Fattore, of the National Research Council of Italy, told South Burnett Times, “Male sex steroids increase risk-taking behavior and suppress the brain’s reward system, which could explain why males are more likely to try drugs, including cannabis.”

    She continued to say, “Females seem to be more vulnerable, at a neurochemical level, in developing addiction to cannabis.”

    As the push to legalize marijuana continues having success all over the world, with two-thirds of Americans supporting the legalization of cannabis, it is increasingly important to conduct science-based research on the effects of marijuana.

    Understanding gender-based differences in how cannabis affects the body and the potential for addiction is going to become increasingly important as more Americans use the drug for both recreational and medicinal purposes.

    Gender-based drug addiction information and treatment could be a next step, as well as a crucial piece of the puzzle for those struggling with addiction who use marijuana as a tool to wean off harder drugs.

    Professor Fattore told the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, “Identifying factors is critical for optimizing evidence-based prevention and treatment protocols.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Does Having A Marijuana Dispensary Nearby Increase Teen Drug Use?

    Does Having A Marijuana Dispensary Nearby Increase Teen Drug Use?

    A new study explored how factors like proximity, price and product variety might influence adolescents to use marijuana.

    Despite the increased availability of marijuana dispensaries, teens aren’t any more likely to smoke weed, a new study revealed. According to High Times, researchers from the University of California San Diego Department of Family Medicine and Public Health examined how factors like proximity, price and product variety might influence adolescents to use marijuana.

    “There was no evidence supporting the associations of medical marijuana availability, price, or product variety around school with adolescents’ marijuana use and susceptibility to use,” the study’s authors wrote.

    The number of dispensaries in any given neighborhood, nor a dispensary’s proximity to a school appeared to be contributing factors to teen marijuana use, the report indicated.

    “Neither the product price nor the product variety in the dispensary nearest to school was associated with marijuana use or susceptibility to use,” the report added. “The results were robust to different specifications of medical marijuana measures.”

    Little to no research has been conducted on the possible connection between marijuana dispensaries and cannabis use, the researchers said, which makes their study as necessary as it is unique.

    By contrast, there exists a significant amount of research in regards to the link between drug and alcohol availability, and teenagers’ choices to smoke or drink.

    “Despite the strong relationship between retail outlets and alcohol and tobacco use documented by a number of studies, examination of the associations of medical marijuana dispensaries with marijuana use remains limited,” they wrote.

    The study’s authors examined the responses of more than 46,000 8th, 10th and 12th graders (across 117 schools) who participated in the 2015-16 California Student Tobacco Survey.

    “For now, there appears to be no basis for the argument that legalizing medical marijuana has increased teens’ use of the drug,” Deborah Hasin, a professor of epidemiology at Columbia’s Mailman School of Public Health, concluded earlier this year.

    Hasin cited a report that examined teen marijuana use between 1991 and 2014, which compared teen pot use before and after medical marijuana was legalized in a given state.

    Still, not everyone is convinced, PBS reported: a chorus of counselors, parents, physicians, and public health experts continue to sound off about the threat that legal marijuana poses for teenagers.

    “Colorado and other states where marijuana is legal have crafted regulations holding dispensaries accountable for selling their products to minors, and sent out educational messages aimed at preventing kids from gaining access to marijuana,” PBS noted.

    Colorado pediatrician Christian Thurstone says that he’s observed a steadily growing marijuana addiction rate among teenagers ever since 2010, when private companies were given the green light to market and sell medical marijuana.

    In fact, even if the number of teenagers using pot remained flat year over year in Colorado, Thurstone said, the rate of teenagers seeking addiction treatment would climb no matter what.

    Unfortunately, not enough recovery resources exist for teenagers, PBS noted, claiming that only one in 10 people with an addiction ever seek treatment.

    “We just need more [treatment options],” Thurstone said. “We’re just scratching the surface, but we may be doing better than one in 10.”

    You can read more about the impact of medicinal cannabis and why “Big Pharma” is panicking because of it over at cbdoilroom.com in their article “Why Big Pharma Is Panicking Over CBD Oil’s Proliferation“.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Marijuana Anonymous Sparking More Interest In Canada

    Marijuana Anonymous Sparking More Interest In Canada

    Marijuana Anonymous uses an adaptation of the 12 steps from Narcotics Anonymous and Alcoholics Anonymous.

    For some marijuana users, Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous don’t quite feel like a good fit. 

    That’s why in some areas, Marijuana Anonymous is being introduced as an alternative. According to Vice, the group follows similar routines and readings as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous. But it was created especially for marijuana users, as some felt that they did not identify with those individuals at AA meetings, while others who’d attended NA felt their marijuana use was dismissed as not being serious enough.

    In Simcoe, Ontario, Marijuana Anonymous meetings began in March 2018. Typically attendance hovers around five members. The Simcoe meeting is one of about 12 in the country, while there are hundreds of AA and NA meetings in comparison.

    One member, David, tells Vice he discovered the meeting online. Prior to attending, he had tried other recovery groups, as he also struggles with alcohol use. But for David, those groups weren’t effective when it came to addressing marijuana.

    “I knew I had a problem,” David told the group at the meeting. “My life had become totally unmanageable. I had become totally isolated… smoked a lot of joints.” 

    Marijuana Anonymous roughly follows the same 12 steps as NA and AA. However, the group celebrates milestones with a token of their own—small rocks painted with an M and A to represent the group’s name.

    “They’re called Stones for Stoners,” David said during the meeting. “I should probably collect because I’m 21 days away from nine months without weed.”

    According to Vice, Marijuana Anonymous members are to try and stay removed from providing thoughts about topics such as legalization of recreational marijuana. But outside these groups, the conversations are happening.

    David Juurlink, an addictions expert and head of clinical pharmacology and toxicology at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, tells Vice that marijuana use disorder is legitimate, but that the withdrawal symptoms of marijuana are much less severe so people tend to view it as safer.

    “Alcohol withdrawal kills people,” he said. “Once people drinking 40 ounces of alcohol a day stop, they can go into withdrawal and they can die. Opioid withdrawal is a big deal. Someone who is a heavy user of cannabis who stops is not going to die. They are going to have trouble sleeping, they’re going to be irritable, they might have weird dreams, they might have anxiety. And all of these things might get better when they resume their cannabis again.”

    According to the MA public information trustee, Josh, interest in the group is growing. He tells Vice that there has been a 51% increase in calls to the organization’s phone line over the past year.

    Soon, Canada may become an important destination for Marijuana Anonymous members, as the country is hosting the 2019 world convention and conference in Toronto and Vancouver, Vice notes. The conference just happens to fall around seven months after Canada will implement the legalization of recreational marijuana, which members say is a coincidence. 

    “As legalization happens and becomes more ingrained in our culture, we probably will see a rise in attendance but at the same time, we’re an anonymous corporation,” MA member Lori told Vice.

    “I was miserable and I was lonely, so eventually I ran out of excuses as to why my life was a mess,” she added. “There’s all these conjectures and this thinking that pot’s not addictive, so as an addict I latched onto that. Then I get to MA and I hear the stories and I see the recovery and I say OK, I will give this a shot. And things went much better.”

    View the original article at thefix.com