Answer Addiction

Tag: Substance Abuse

  • Addiction and Child Custody Laws in Texas

    Addiction and Child Custody Laws in Texas

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: Parenting and drug use never go together. In Texas, family laws consider drug use a type of “child abuse”. What can you do if you have an addiction problem? A review of Texas child custody laws here.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS:

    “The Best Interest of the Child” Policy

    Under Texas Family Code § 153.002, all Texas courts are guided by the best interests of the child principle when deciding child custody and visitation orders. [1] That means that Texas courts aim to make an order that best serves the physical, mental, and emotional needs of a child. But how do judges make decisions about child custody?

    The decision on where to place a child for their best interest takes into account many variables. Some factors used to determine rulings on child custody cases include, but are not limited to:

    A child’s preference when s/he is at least 10 years old.
    A history of abusive or assaultive behavior by the child’s family.
    Each parent’s future plans for the child.
    Parental history of substance abuse.
    The ability of each parent to care for the child.
    The child’s age and physical and mental vulnerabilities.
    The environment and stability of each parent’s home.
    The parents’ plan for caring for the child.
    The physical, emotional, and mental needs of the child.

    Also, when deciding parenting plans, courts follow Texas public policy. The goal is to provide a safe, stable and nonviolent environment. But the state also wants to keep both parents in the life of the child. Where possible, courts want to encourage parents to share rights and responsibilities of raising the child. Another thing worth mentioning is that Texas courts will not consider the marital status or the sex of the parents when deciding parenting plans.

    Supervising Courts

    In Texas, there are hundreds of courts that operate in the state. Each has a different jurisdiction. Jurisdiction is based on location, topic, and offense severity. Some courts overlap each other, making the whole  system complex and confusing.

    At the highest level is the Texas Supreme Court which handles civil matters. Then, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals handles criminal matters. On the next level are the 14 Courts of Appeal. They, too, have appellate jurisdiction.

    The major trial courts in Texas are called “district courts”. They are responsible for civil and criminal cases. Some district courts specialize in a particular type of case, such as juvenile or family law. But there are also county courts, statutory probate courts, justice of the peace courts, and municipal courts. While these have limited jurisdiction, any one of these courts may be involved in a child custody case. [2]

    Family law matters, including divorces and child custody cases are generally handled by the district courts. In most counties, a divorce case is filed through the District Clerk’s office. However, there are also child support specialty courts, and specialty child protection courts in Texas. [3] Moreover, the Office of the Attorney General is the official child support enforcement agency for Texas. It provides services in establishing and enforcing child support. [4]

    Laws

    All Texas child custody laws comply with the Uniform Child Custody Act, whose aim is to minimize custody disputes that involve more than one state. [5] The Family Code and Health & Safety Code are the two main Texas codes for child custody and drug engendered children, respectively. What other laws exist in Texas that outline child custody guidelines?

    We’ve gathered a list of the most important laws and chapters of those laws concerning child custody in Texas. It should be noted that this list is not extensive and is not intended to provide legal advice. For detailed explanation on any legal matter, you should consult an attorney.

    Family Code § 263.307(b) This section list the factors that should be considered in determining whether the child’s parents are willing and able to provide the child with a safe environment. [6]

    Family Code § 263.307(a), (c) This section provides guidelines that should be considered by the court in determining whether to adopt the permanency plan submitted by the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services. [7]

    Family Code § 261.001 This Chapter defines investigation of report of child abuse or neglect. It also defines the terms “abuse” and “born addicted to alcohol or a controlled substance”. [8]

    Health & Safety Code § 468.102 A chapter that regulates how The Department of Family and Protective Services should protect a drug-endangered child “exposed to methamphetamine or to chemicals and other hazardous materials used in the illicit manufacture of methamphetamine.” [9]

    Health & Safety Code § 468.103 A chapter that defines how the Department of Public Safety of the State of Texas and each local law enforcement agency shall report on discovering the presence of a child in a location where methamphetamine is manufactured. [10]

    Types of Custody

    In Texas, laws refer to child custody as “conservatorship”. Conservatorship outlines the rights and duties parents have towards children. Conservatorship includes important decisions like education or medical treatment, among many other things. The parent with court ordered custody is called a “conservator”. There are two types of conservatorship in Texas:

    Sole Managing Conservatorship where only one parent has the right to make all the decisions for the child.

    Joint Managing Conservatorship where both parents make decisions together.

    Texas law encourages joint custody whenever possible. It is considered that it is in the best interest of the child to have both parents live near one another and make decisions together. [11]

    “Proof” of Drug or Alcohol Use

    Using a controlled substance that impairs a caregiver’s ability to adequately care for a child is considered “child abuse” or “neglect” in Texas. In child custody cases, parents may file a motion seeking to have the other parent tested for drugs. However, the court will need some proof that a drug test is needed. The proof that the court can take into consideration includes:

    • Criminal records
    • Medical reports
    • Records from social welfare agencies
    • Third party eye witnesses

    The court is not obliged to grant the motion if there is not enough evidence provided. But, most courts will grant a motion for drug testing, usually a urine drug test, because that is in the best interest of the child. If the parent suspected of drug or alcohol use wants to oppose this, s/he needs to file counter motion and lists reasons why drug testing is not necessary. Also, if the court suspects one or both parents are using drugs, it can order a drug test as part of its child custody evaluation.

    Visitation Rights

    Texas does not use the term “visitation” ; instead Texas law outlines the practice of “possession and access”. Possession and access refers to physical custody of children and when a parent can visit the children. Usually, the child will live with one parent while the other will have visitation rights. How is possession and access arranged in Texas?

    If you and the other parent agree, you can create a schedule or an informal parenting plan. If you can’t agree, the court will develop a plan based on the best interest of the child. The visitation plan needs to be fair. Both parents should agree to it. The court’s possession order will indicate when each parent has the right to be with the child. A typical visitation schedule might include alternate weekends, alternate holidays, and vacation time.

    There are several types of possession orders in Texas. We list the most common four types of possession and access setups here.

    1. Standard Possession Order. This type of order designates who gets the kids and on what weekends. The parent with visitation rights can visit the child on the first Friday of the month, followed by the third and fifth Fridays of the same month. Access usually ends on the Sunday of the same week at 6:00 p.m. Every Thursday evening, the parent can visit the child between 6:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m.
    2. Modified Possession Orders. If there’s been a change in circumstances, a parent may want to pursue a modification of the original possession order. However, there are certain elements that must be met to modify a standard possession order. These modifications will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
    3. Possession Orders for a Child Under 3. If a child is under three, parents may still agree to use the Standard Possession Order. Or they may agree to use a different possession schedule. If they are unable to agree on a schedule, the judge will make an order based on all relevant factors, like those listed in Texas Family Code Section 153.254. [12]
    4. Supervised Possession Orders. When a parent is supervised by a neutral third party, the other parent or designated professionals must be present when s/he is visiting the child. In cases of severe parental alienation, substance abuse disorder, mental or physical abuse, neglect or mental illness the court may order limited or supervised visitation.

    Whatever your current situation it is important to remember that custody and visitation are never considered “final”. As situations change, you can come back to court to request changes. So, if you’re struggling with addiction, just know that your access to your kids may be limited now…but that can change. The idea is that as you show signs of healthier living, judges and courts can adapt new possession orders.

    What Happens If I Test Positive?

    If you are actively using drugs or alcohol and you fail a court ordered drug test, the court takes the drug test very seriously. In fact, it will be a major factor in influencing the court’s decision on visitation and custody, especially if you have a young child or a child with special needs. You may lose all visitation rights or you may get only supervised visitation.

    Repeated positive drug or alcohol tests may end in termination of visitation rights in Texas.

    The Texas legal system prioritizes the child’s best interest. Judges will be very cautious when granting custody to a parent who uses drugs. That is because substance abuse:

    • Exposes the child to illegal drugs.
    • Increases the risk of neglect.
    • Indicates an unhealthy environment.

    In these cases, a parent with and addiction problem may be referred to rehab, counseling, or parent classes. Have in mind that a positive drug test doesn’t automatically mean losing your parental rights. Your willingness to change and work towards that goal will make all the difference.

    Can Someone Subpoena My Records from Rehab

    In principle, your medical and health records are private. The federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability law and the Texas Medical Records Privacy Act serve to help you protect your personal health information.

    However, Texas courts have held that the privilege to privacy in medical records is not absolute in custody cases. In cases of neglect, abuse or domestic violence the court may order disclosure of rehab records for the purposes of the custody case only. Since parental substance abuse is considered child abuse in Texas, you should be aware that your medical records may be disclosed and used against you.

    What laws protect your privacy in the Lone Star State?

    HIPAA is a federal law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients’ medical records and other health information provided to health plans, doctors, hospitals and other health care providers. [13]

    Texas Medical Records Privacy Act requires “certain persons and entities including health care providers, health plans and entities that process health insurance claims to take certain measures with respect to protected health information…” [14] This law that provides more protection for patient privacy than is provided under HIPAA. The Act adopts the basic tenets of the HIPAA Privacy Standards and provides additional protections for Texans in some areas where HIPAA has left gaps. In most cases, the act prohibits using or disclosing health information without first obtaining an individual’s consent.

     

    How to Be Reunited with My Kids?

    It is very simple.  You just have to show willingness to change. Then, comply with the court’s orders.

    As mentioned above, Texas’ public policy is to encourage parents to share custody. The state government wants both parents be present in the child’s life. So, if the judge grants a drug test motion, you should comply with the order and submit to the drug test. If the judge refers you to rehab, you should comply with that order, too.

    While in rehab you may be granted supervised visitation, or your visitation rights may be completely suspended. It will depend on your specific case.

    If you successfully complete a treatment program and are actively participating in an ongoing recovery, it is very likely that the court will reverse its decision. In contrast, failing to comply with a court order could result in permanent termination of parental rights.

    American Addiction Centers is a leading provider of inpatient and outpatient addiction treatment services. In fact, we have a treatment center in Texas. We offer same-day admissions and arrange transportation. Call our free and confidential helpline to explore your treatment options today. You want to be with your kids. Get better with treatment. Call us to get started.

    What Happens When I Finish Rehab?

    If you have lost custody of your children because of a drug problem, you can file a motion to get your custody back. But, the court will want to be sure that issues have been resolved before they consider returning the children to your care. When will your kids be back in your care?

    How long it takes to be reunited with your children will depend on you. If you commit to maintaining a drug-free lifestyle, you’ll need to show proof over time. You’ll need to have and maintain a stable home and job. Then, you’ll need to provide evidence that you have mental, emotional, and financial stability. Finally, the court may evaluate your case and modify the custody or the visitation order.

    Finishing rehab is only the first step in getting your kids back during a custody battle that involves drug or alcohol use. You still have a long road ahead of you. You’ll need to adjust to day-to-day life without using. This is why it is very important that you have an aftercare treatment plan developed that will keep you motivated to stay clean and sober. Aftercare usually includes a combination of counseling, support groups, or a stay in a sober home.

    Yes, addiction is a disease,. The good news is that it can be treated and managed. It just takes time, proper treatment and motivation. Being a parent your children deserve is the best motivation. Change is possible. Call us today to learn how American Addiction Centers can help. Our admissions navigators are ready to talk with you 24-7, day or night. We’re waiting for your call.

    Where to Find Rehab?

    Finding a good rehab program that fits your needs may seem difficult, but there numerous treatment options in Texas. Where can you find a reputable rehab?

    SAMHSA’s National Helpline – 1-800-662-HELP (4357)

    SAMHSA’s Treatment Locator

    Texas Department of State Health Services – Find Substance Abuse Services

    CALL OUR HOTLINE

    Don’t wait another day. Seeking treatment is not a sign of weakness. Think about your children and how your recovery will affect their lives in the long run. Every child deserves healthy and productive parents. Ask for help today!

    When to Get Legal Help

    Child custody and visitation rights issues can be emotionally demanding and legally complex. But, an experienced child custody lawyer can help you determine your best course of action, provide legal guidance, and represent your best interests in court. Here’s some useful links where you can search legal help:

    Texas Access and Visitation Hotline (866)-292-4636, Monday – Friday, 1–7 p.m.

    Legal Help Finder

    CPS Family Helpline 1-844-888-6565, Monday through Friday from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM. 

    Texas Advocacy Project – Legal Phone Lines

    Your Questions

    We hope to have covered the topic of legal custody in Texas and to have answered your questions. But we know that you probably want to talk personally. Please feel free to call us day or night. Or, leave a questions in the comments below. We try to respond to all real life questions personally. And if we can’t answer your questions, we’ll refer you to someone who can help.

    Reference Sources: [1] Texas Constitution and Statutes: Texas Family Code
    [2] Texas Judicial Branch: About Texas Courts: Court Structure Chart
    [3] Texas Judicial Branch: About Texas Courts: SPECIALTY COURTS
    [4] Ken Paxton Attorney General of Texas
    [5] U.S. Department of Justice: The Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act
    [6] Texas Statutes: Texas Family Code
    [7] Texas Statutes: Texas Family Code
    [8] Texas Statutes: Texas Family Code
    [9] Texas Statutes: Health & Safety Code
    [10] Texas Statutes: Health & Safety Code
    [11] Texas Statutes: Texas Family Code
    [12] Texas Statutes: Texas Family Code
    [13] HHS: Summary of the HIPAA Security Rule
    [14] OFFICE OF THE TEXAS ATTORNEY GENERAL: TEXAS MEDICAL RECORDS PRIVACY ACT ANNUAL REPORT
    Texas Statutes: Health and Safety Code: Medical Record Privacy
    American Addiction Centers

    View the original article at addictionblog.org

  • The Child Welfare System and Addiction in Nevada

    The Child Welfare System and Addiction in Nevada

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: This article provides an overview of child welfare systems in Nevada. It explains what happens when abuse or neglect are reported in combination with substance use. Review how the process is directed by the NV State Child Welfare Agency. Plus, learn about state laws that protect children. More below.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS:

    Why Did They Take My Child?

    If you are using drugs or drinking while your kids are in your care, the State of Nevada can find you “unfit” to properly care for your child. Being under the influence of drugs or alcohol can mean that you cannot provide proper:

    • Care
    • Control
    • Supervision

    Further, parents who are high or drunk have problems providing adequate food, education, shelter, medical care, or other care a child needs for his/her well-being. This is considered child neglect.

    Child Protective Services, or CPS, is a state run agency set up through law. The Nevada Revised Statutes, Chapter 432B outlines CPS duties. Mainly, the Nevada State CPS is in charge of investigating reports of suspected child abuse and neglect.

    If it’s determined that you’ve been using drugs or drinking in the presence of your children, you could lose legal custody of your kids. They might be placed in foster care or even adopted by another family. [1]

    You need to know what to expect and what steps to take if you’re are involved in a child protective service case. Using drugs or drinking doesn’t mean you’re a bad person, it just means you need professional help. Reach out and let us help you. We can discus treatment options together.  Call us today and be connected with American Addiction Centers. Or, continue reading to learn more about the procedure of the Child Welfare system in Nevada.

    Who Has Reported Me?

    Anyone in the state of Nevada can report a parent to the local child welfare agency or to the police. If you suspect that a parent neglecting is drinking or using drugs, your call can help a child. The identity of the person making the report is kept confidential. NRS 432B.260 does not allow the child welfare agency to release the name of the person who reported the abuse and neglect concerns. [3]

    1. Nevada’s CPS hotlines:

    • Clark County: 1-702- 399-0081
    • Washoe County: 1-755-784-8600
    • All other counties: 1-800-992-5757

    2. Childhelp USA National Child Abuse Hotline: 1-800-422-4453

    3. Your local police department

    In the State of Nevada, there are professionals who are obligated by the State law NRS432B.220 to report their suspicions. [2] Mandated reporters are required to make a report immediately to a CPS or law enforcement agency. A report must be made within 24 hours after there is a reason to believe that a child has been abused or neglected. There are penalties for mandated reporters when a report is not received within the time limit NRS 432B.240. [4] Mandatory reporters include:

    • Athletic trainer
    • Attorneys, under certain circumstances
    • Christian Science practitioner
    • Counselors, therapists, and other mental health
    • Foster care and child care employees
    • Hospital administration and personnel
    • Law enforcement officers
    • Medical examiners or coroners
    • Members of the clergy ,religious healers
    • Optometrist
    • Persons who maintain youth shelters or foster homes
    • Physicians, nurses, and other health-care workers
    • Probation officers
    • Schools employees
    • Social workers
    • Volunteer referral abuse service

    What Happens When I’m Reported?

    STEP 1. Intake. Intake is the first stage of the child protective service process and is one of the most important decision-making points in the child protection system. It is the point at which reports of suspected child abuse and neglect are received. Information gathered by caseworkers is used to make decisions regarding safety, risk, and the type of CPS response required. Referrals in Nevada are accepted from all sources, and each report is treated as a potential case of child maltreatment.

    STEP 2. Investigation. Upon receiving a referral, the intake worker attempts to gather as much information as possible about each family member, the family as a whole, and the nature, extent and severity, of the alleged child maltreatment. Once the initial intake information is collected, the caseworker conducts a check of agency records and the Central Registry to determine any past reports or contact with the family. Then, the caseworkers must collect and analyze the information and determine if it meets the criteria outlined in Statute regarding the definition of child abuse and neglect and the requirements for response.

    STEP 3. Prioritization and Response. Nevada State CPS prioritizes the investigation response time based on a number of factors including the nature of the allegations and the age of the child. The response times are either immediate, within 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, or 10 days. The average response time for CPS agencies in Nevada is at the 90th percentile level.

    STEP 4. Case Determination. Upon completion of the investigation of a report of abuse or neglect, a determination of the case findings are made based on whether there is reasonable cause to believe that a child is abused or neglected or threatened with abuse or neglect. The case manager will assess whether the child is safe or unsafe, and if the child or family is in need of services. S/he will review what changes need to happen for the child to be safe at home. If the case manager determines that abuse or neglect did not occur, the report is “unsubstantiated.” If the case manager determines that abuse or neglect has occurred, the report is “substantiated.” You have the right to appeal a substantiation. [5]

    What Happens Next?

    Within 45 days of beginning the assessment, the case manager must decide if abuse or neglect has occurred. If the case manager finds that your child is unsafe, the case manager will work with you to establish a safety plan and services will be provided to assist in reducing any safety threats that exist. If a safety plan cannot be made, the case manager will talk with your family to:

    • Find a temporary safe place for your child to stay with relatives.
    • Place your child in foster care.
    • Arrange for you to see your child.
    • Arrange services for your child and family.

    In certain situations, your child may be placed outside of your care without your permission. A protective custody court hearing must be held within 72 hours excluding weekends and holidays from the time the decision was made to remove your child. You will be notified of the date, time, and location of the hearing. You must attend the hearing. At the hearing, the court decides whether your child can safely be returned to your care until the next court hearing. You will be informed of your rights at this hearing. [6]

    Child Welfare Laws

    There are federal requirements for each state to have laws about reporting and investigating child abuse and neglect, as mandated by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act. The laws in Nevada that protect children and incorporate the federal mandates can be found under Nevada Revised Statutes, Chapter 432B. Here’s a basic review of main federal and state laws regarding child protection.

    1. Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act,CAPTA. This is the key federal legislation addressing child abuse and neglect. [7]

    2. Protection of Children From Abuse and Neglect – CHAPTER 432B. This Law defines child abuse and neglect for NV State. The law authorizes child protection and law enforcement agencies to investigate reports of alleged child abuse and neglect. Parental substance abuse is considered neglect. The statute also outlines who is obligated to report child abuse and neglect. [8]

    3. NRS 128.106 (d) Specific considerations in determining neglect by or unfitness of parent. This law states that in determining neglect by or unfitness of a parent, the court shall consider, without limitation, the following conditions which may diminish suitability as a parent: Excessive use of intoxicating liquors, controlled substances or dangerous drugs which renders the parent consistently unable to care for the child. [9]

    The Courts that are In Charge?

    Family matters in Nevada are resolved under the jurisdiction of the District Courts. Only Clark County has a specific Family Court Division. The Family Court helps people with divorce, annulment, child custody, visitation rights, child support, spousal support, community property division, name changes, adoption, and abuse and neglect. [10]

    The Supreme Court is the state’s highest court and its primary responsibility is to review and rule on appeals from District Court cases. The court does not conduct fact-finding trials, but it rather determines if legal or procedural errors were committed during the case. The Supreme Court assigns one-third of all submitted cases to the Nevada Court of Appeals. [11]

    What Happens to Parents?

    If CPS’s case worker decides that a child has been neglected because of parental substance abuse, s/he will work with the parent to establish a safety plan. Services like rehab and counseling will be probably provided in order to reduce the harm caused to the child. If the parent doesn’t want services, but the child is unsafe, the case worker may ask the court to order that the parent takes part in a treatment program. It is very important for the parent to be involved in the discussion with the case worker.

    What Happens to Children?

    Depending on the severity of the case, children may remain at home or be removed into foster care.

    In low-risk cases, children may remain in their own homes with their families. In these cases, families may receive in-home services and supports. This usually includes a combination of parent education, safety planning, counseling, and more. Families may also be connected with community services such as therapy, parent training, and support groups.

    Most children in foster care are placed with relatives or foster families, but some may be placed in a group or residential setting. While a child is in foster care, he or she attends school and should receive medical care and other services as needed. Visits between parents and their children and between siblings are encouraged and supported, following a set plan. [12]

    What Happens if I Drink or Use?

    The goal of the NV State Child Welfare System is to reunite child with parents. But if you drink or use drugs, you need to go through  rehabilitation to make it possible. You must follow the Nevada court’s orders. This means that you’ll need to actively participate in counseling. Plus, you’ll need to make other lifestyle changes so that your child can live with you safely.

    If the judge sees that you have continued to drink or use drugs and made no real effort toward reunification with your child and s/he might order that your parental rights be terminated. When this happens, the child is placed for adoption or with a legal guardian, possibly a family member.

    While foster care is defined as temporary placement of the children until you get better, the termination of parental rights in permanent.

    So why risk it?

    Your children need you. And you deserve a better life. You can live a life without drugs or alcohol. A good treatment program can change your life forever. Are you ready to do what’s best for your family? Call us to learn more about your rehab options in the Silver State. Our admissions navigators are available day and night to talk with you. We can walk you through the process of change. You can do it!

    Can I Get My Child Back?

    Yes. About 3 in 5 children in foster care return home to their parents or other family members. However, before your children come home, the Nevada child welfare agency and court must be certain that:

    • You can keep your children safe.
    • You can meet your children’s needs.
    • You are prepared to be a parent.

    Being involved with the child welfare system can give your family support and a chance to be stronger than before. By fully participating in your case plan and the services it includes, you can strengthen your skills to become the best parent that you can be for your children. [13]

    Your Questions

    Got any questions?

    If you still have question and concerns about the child welfare system in Nevada, please post your comments in the section below. You can also find more information about the child welfare system in Nevada here.

    Reference Source: [1] Nevada Revised Statutes: CHAPTER 432B- PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT
    [2] Nevada Revised Statutes: CHAPTER 432B- PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT
    [3] Nevada Revised Statutes: CHAPTER 432B- PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT
    [4] Nevada Revised Statutes: CHAPTER 432B- PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT
    [5] Nevada Department of Health & Human Services: Division of Child & Family Services
    [6] Nevada Department of Health & Human Services: DCFS: Parents Guide to CPS
    [7] Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)
    [8] Nevada Revised Statutes: CHAPTER 432B- PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM ABUSE AND NEGLECT
    [9] Nevada Revised Statutes: CHAPTER 128 – TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS: Specific considerations in determining neglect by or unfitness of parent.
    [10] Eight Judicial District Court, Clark County Nevada: Family Courts
    [11] Nevada Judiciary: About the Nevada Judiciary
    [12] Child Welfare Information Gateway: How the Child Welfare System Works
    [13] Child Welfare: Reunification
    Nevada Department of Health & Human Services: DCFS: Nevada Child Abuse and Neglect Allegation Definitions

    View the original article at addictionblog.org

  • Cigna Behavioral Health Rehab Coverage for Addiction and Mental Illness

    Cigna Behavioral Health Rehab Coverage for Addiction and Mental Illness

    Behavioral health is a term that encompasses all types of mental illness, behavioral disorders and substance use disorders, or addictions. Rehab is an important treatment option for anyone struggling with one of these types of conditions, because it provides long-term, focused and individualized care. Cigna behavioral health rehab coverage is important to consider for anyone who needs this kind of treatment.

    What Counts as Behavioral Health?

    Medical terms can be confusing, especially when sorting through diagnoses, treatment options and insurance coverage. Behavioral health can refer to mental illnesses, like depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, schizophrenia and many others. Some childhood conditions are also a part of behavioral health, like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD.

    Behavioral health most often refers to addiction. More formally known as substance use disorder, addiction is a behavioral and mental health condition that is characterized by out-of-control use of drugs or alcohol. While misusing substances is a choice, being addicted is not. Professional and medical treatment is necessary to help individuals overcome this disease and to be firmly in recovery with a lower risk of relapse.

    Does Cigna Cover Substance Abuse Treatment?

    The degree of coverage depends on individual plans, but yes, Cigna does cover treatment for substance use disorders. Some of the types of services covered are rehab for drugs or alcohol, detoxification and outpatient counseling.

    Cigna also offers insurance holders important behavioral health and addiction resources. The free education series provides information about recognizing the signs of addiction as well as advice and helpful tips for both patients in rehabs and their families.

    Patients with Cigna health insurance will need to find out if they meet the criteria to have rehab and other types of treatment for substance use covered. It is important for each individual to understand their plans, to know what the requirements are for coverage and to find out what any out-of-pocket costs might be.

    Understanding Cigna Behavioral Health Rehab Coverage

    The type of coverage a patient has for behavioral health and addiction depends on the plan purchased. It is important to understand coverage when making decisions about treatment. There are many factors to consider, including deductible amounts, whether or not treatment needs be with an in-network provider, whether coverage includes inpatient or outpatient services, if there is any coverage for after care services, and prescription drug costs and coverage.

    Individuals should verify coverage and Cigna substance abuse policy before making a choice about treatment. There may be costs that have to be covered out of pocket, depending on individual plans and polices and the treatment chosen.

    Cigna In-Network Providers vs. Out-of-Network Providers

    One of the most important considerations to make when choosing treatment for addiction is between in- and out-of-network providers. Whether or not a patient needs to get treatment from an in-network provider depends on individual Cigna plans.

    For instance, an EPO, or exclusive provider organization, is a type of insurance that requires patients only see treatment providers in the network. A PPO, or preferred provider organization, allows for treatment from providers outside of the network, but costs to the patient may be higher.

    It is usually less expensive for the patient to choose treatment through an in-network provider. However, it is worth contacting Cigna to find out what is allowed and what extra costs would be. Sometimes an out-of-network rehab or therapist is the best option for a patient.

    Types of Behavioral Health Treatment Covered by Cigna

    Cigna substance abuse coverage includes two main types of treatment: inpatient and outpatient care. Outpatient treatment can be as simple as attending 12-step programs and support groups. However, for most people struggling with addiction, this is not enough.

    Outpatient care provided by professionals is therapy or addiction counseling. Patients in outpatient treatment may have one or more sessions per week, but they don’t live in a rehab facility. They live at home and are generally able to continue with normal activities, like work and school, while going through treatment.

    Inpatient treatment for addiction is also known as residential treatment or rehab. This type of care includes a stay for a month or a few months in a facility that provides 24-hour supervision and daily treatment. Inpatient treatment is best for people who have no safe place to live while getting treatment or who don’t feel confident in being able to stay sober while at home.

    Both types of treatment offer one-on-one therapy for learning how to live without alcohol or drugs. Residential care, however, provides much more. Patients in rehab usually have access to medical care, alternative therapies, and family and group therapies. They benefit from a whole team of professionals with different types of behavioral health expertise.

    Coverage for Aftercare Services

    Aftercare is an important part of addiction treatment, and much of it is covered by Cigna insurance plans. For patients going through residential treatment, aftercare may include outpatient therapy sessions, support group attendance, check-ins back at the residential facility, job and vocational training and medical care.

    This kind of ongoing treatment is important, because it provides patients with a smoother transition from the intensity of residential care to life back at home with little or no supervision. Aftercare helps to reduce the incidence of relapse and to minimize the need for additional inpatient treatment in the future.

    Some of the types of aftercare that are likely to be at least partially covered by Cigna plans are outpatientsessions with Cigna therapists and potentially with out-of-network providers, prescription drugs and medication-assisted addiction treatment, and the costs of staying in a sober living house.

    Cigna Mental Health Coverage

    Mental health is typically included in coverage for behavioral health services. In fact, many patients have co-occurring mental illnesses and substance use disorders. The most effective treatment addresses all of the behavioral health needs of an individual. It is important to get a diagnosis that uncovers any substance use disorder or mental illness and to choose treatment services accordingly.

    Cigna mental health criteria for coverage are having a diagnosis of a mental illness from a professional and recommended treatment plan. Patients who have been diagnosed are entitled to coverage for appropriate care. Like substance use disorders, this care may include residential treatment if necessary or outpatient therapy.

    Types of Behavioral Health Services Cigna May Not Cover

    Even with the highest level of Cigna behavioral health rehab coverage, there are some services that are not likely to be paid for by the insurance company. These will be out-of-pocket expense for the patients. Luxury rehab facilities, for instance, are probably not covered for any patient. A private room at a treatment center is also considered a luxury expense that is not typically covered.

    The insurance plan will also not cover any medications that can be purchased over the counter. Many types of alternative or complementary services may also not be covered—things like yoga classes, music and art therapy, or massage.

    Some of these services and treatments not covered can be beneficial. Patients should find out by contacting Cigna if coverage will be included before committing to them. Those who want to continue with services that are not covered must be prepared to pay the costs.

    Finding the Best Behavioral Health Treatment

    While Cigna behavioral health rehab coverage should not be the only consideration when choosing the best treatment, it should be an important one. Patients should start with in-network providers and look for a facility or therapist that is experienced and appropriate for the type of care needed. They can ask for references from previous patients and visit facilities to have a tour and to speak with staff before making a final choice.

    The treatment a patient gets for addiction or mental illness is crucial to recovery and long-term wellness. It is not a decision that should be taken lightly. Each individual must choose the treatment that feels best and most comfortable but that also meets their needs and makes sense within a Cigna insurance plan and coverage level.

    Using Cigna Insurance for Behavioral Health Care

    In order to make the best use of Cigna insurance for getting needed treatment for addiction and other behavioral health issues, have a firm understanding of coverage. Patients should check with Cigna to confirm coverage and out-of-pocket costs. They also need to go over insurance plans with the treatment provider. These steps are important to take before committing to any treatment plan.

    Most patients will not need a referral from Cigna to get treatment, but pre-authorization may be needed. Insurance holders will also need to cover any remaining deductible costs and copays associated with treatment.

    Getting behavioral health treatment is so important and too often overlooked. Insurance holders have an ally with Cigna. This insurance company provides coverage options that work with most people’s needs and income levels. Working with Cigna is a crucial part of getting the best care that is also affordable.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • 3 Substances You Should Never Detox from Alone

    3 Substances You Should Never Detox from Alone

    By Amy Sedgwick, LADC, AADC, CCDP, SCPG
    Director of Clinical Operations

    ARTICLE OVERVIEW: You should never try to detox from alcohol, benzos, or opioids on your own. This article reviews the dangerous side effects of withdrawal from these substances. Then, we invite your questions at the end.

    ESTIMATED READING TIME: 7 minutes.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS:

    The Definition of Detox

    Detoxification is the process of removing any hazardous chemicals from the body. It is an essential first step if you are looking to rid yourself of addiction and begin a healthy, substance-free life. During this stage, you may feel extremely sick and uneasy as toxins leave your body. Often, medical detox can help address symptoms to help minimize discomfort. But in other cases, detox may be necessary.

    If you are trying to overcome alcohol, opioid, or benzodiazepine addiction, detox can dangerous – sometimes even fatal – without medical assistance.

    In particular, if you are dependent on alcohol, opioids, or benzodiazepines, you should aim to address your addiction in the safest way possible. When you detox from these substances, withdrawal symptoms can be severe and difficult to manage at home. Likewise, detoxing alone is risky because it increases the likelihood of an overdose.

    Plus, detoxing alone is not a suitable replacement for valuable forms of treatment such as medication assisted treatment (MAT), which can reduce your risk of relapse. In sum, clinical detox is the safest option for addressing addiction, and for many, it is a step that serves as the foundation for a lasting recovery.

    Let’s look at each type of detox, its risks, and common side effects here.

    Alcohol Detox

    With its legal status and wide availability, alcohol is the most frequently used addictive substance in the United States. Because quitting alcohol when dependent can induce severe side effects like seizures and heart failure, you should not attempt to overcome alcohol dependence alone, especially during the detox phase.

    Why?

    Individuals who become addicted to alcohol and drugs encounter neurological changes, making their brains trick them into thinking that they need their substance of choice to survive. If you have a history of alcoholism and decide to drastically cut back or stop altogether, your body will react accordingly to the change. While detoxing from alcohol, you are likely to experience particularly uncomfortable physical withdrawal symptoms such as:

    • Fever
    • High blood pressure
    • Nausea
    • Seizures
    • Heart failure

    In addition to physical symptoms, you may undergo noticeable behavioral changes because of alcohol withdrawal. These psychological symptoms can include:

    • Anxiety
    • Depression
    • Mood swings
    • Fatigue
    • Hallucinations

    These many potential side effects can make the detox process excruciating for some. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms can begin eight hours after you stop drinking. Discomfort is especially prominent within the first few days of detoxing from alcohol, and mental health symptoms can take weeks to subside.

    If you drink heavily and suddenly stop, you may contend with a more intense form of withdrawal known as acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). High blood pressure, tremors, and seizures are some of the major indicators of AWS.

    This condition is often accompanied by a complication known as delirium tremens (DT), which significantly alters your mind and nervous system. Both AWS and DT can cause more severe health problems, such as difficulty breathing, heart attack, and coma. These risks can be minimized with the help of a medical professional, who can alleviate painful withdrawal symptoms and examine your vital signs to ensure your well-being. A professional may also administer addiction medications designed to lessen alcohol withdrawal symptoms, such as Vivitrol.

    Detox from Opioids

    Opioids are a class of extremely addictive legal and illegal drugs that provide pain relief. Well-known opioids include:

    Though prescription opioids can help manage moderate to severe physical discomfort, they can be dangerous when taken for longer periods or in higher doses than medically recommended. Fentanyl — which is up to one hundred times more potent than morphine — often factors into deadly overdoses, as users frequently do not realize that the opioids they have been taking, such as heroin, have been laced with fentanyl. In 2016, opioid misuse caused over 42,000 fatal overdoses across the country.

    Because you can easily build a tolerance to opioids, you will likely experience severe cravings during the detox process that can tempt you to use again. When you detox alone, you have access to drugs, making it even easier for you to relapse. Relapsing after attempting to detox from opioids at home can be life-threatening because your body’s tolerance for the drug may not be the same, potentially leading to a fatal overdose.

    Detoxing in a medical setting, however, offers you the safety of a drug-free environment, removed from temptations. It gives you the opportunity to focus entirely on your recovery because you will encounter fewer triggers that could jeopardize sobriety. You will also have a support system to monitor your well-being, putting your mind more at ease. Undergoing medically monitored detox can relieve physical withdrawal symptoms you may incur during opioid withdrawal, such as:

    • Nausea
    • Abdominal cramps
    • Fever
    • High blood pressure
    • Intense cravings

    While detoxing from opioids, you may also experience psychological symptoms such as:

    • Irritation
    • Anxiety
    • Depression
    • Mood swings
    • Insomnia

    Though not all of these symptoms are deadly, they can cause immense discomfort and may last for weeks. Opioid withdrawal symptoms also impact the mind and the body quickly, depending on the type of opioid used. Heroin withdrawal symptoms, for example, may appear within only 12 hours of your last use.

    Detoxing at a treatment center can make all the difference in your recovery from opioid addiction. In addition to counseling and support, a professional can also address painful withdrawal symptoms through the use of addiction medications, if appropriate. Options for addressing opioid addiction through medication-assisted treatment in a rehab facility can include prescription medications such as Suboxone, Sublocade, and Vivitrol.

    Benzos

    Benzodiazepines, or benzos, are a class of depressants that are typically prescribed to treat anxiety and are only intended for short-term use. They include drugs such as:
    • Ativan
    • Klonopin
    • Valium
    • Xanax

    Because they are prescription drugs, benzos are often considered harmless. Lulled into this false sense of security, some users abuse benzos and develop a tolerance after using them for more than two to four weeks. In an attempt to experience the same sedative effects, many end up overdosing on benzos, which contribute to about 30 percent of fatal opioid overdoses. When combined with alcohol or opioids, benzo use can be life-threatening because each of these substances can limit breathing and inhibit brain function.

    If you suffer from benzodiazepine addiction, detoxing within a clinical setting is highly recommended to avoid health complications. Just like with alcohol and opioid addiction, those looking to detox from benzos may face a range of physical and psychological symptoms, including:

    • Anxiety
    • Panic attacks
    • Restlessness
    • Distorted perception
    • Itching
    • Difficulty walking

    Detoxing from benzos without medical supervision presents many dangers, including an increased risk of seizures. The detox process for benzodiazepine addiction can be complex to navigate because some of the withdrawal symptoms that may appear, like panic attacks and anxiety, may have been the reason users started self-medicating in the first place. As a result, if you are accustomed to taking benzodiazepines for medical reasons, you may find discontinuing use particularly daunting.

    Withdrawal symptoms typically start within a day of discontinuing use and may persist for months. Even in a medical setting, detoxing from benzodiazepines can take 10 days, whereas detoxing from alcohol or opioid addiction under similar conditions may take 5 days. If you suffer from benzodiazepine addiction, attempting to detox alone could have devastating consequences.

    When to Seek Medically Monitored Detox

    As the first step on your road to recovery, detox is a crucial stage that lets the body heal from toxic substances. Medically monitored detox offers the best chance for your body to recover from any harm caused by substance abuse, but it can help you in other ways as well.

    1. It provides you with an environment that is more conducive to a sustainable recovery.

    Medical detox introduces you to a team of addiction treatment and mental health experts who can not only address your physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms but also help you determine the next steps in treatment. Attending clinical detox removes you from any triggers connected to your current environment, and distancing yourself from toxic elements in your life can eliminate stress that may have been driving your addiction. Detoxing in a medical setting, therefore, helps you to focus on your health and makes you less likely to relapse.

    2. It gives you the opportunity to test for other medical conditions.

    Through medical detox, individuals also have the option to undergo testing for HIV and hepatitis C, conditions that may have been spurred by their substance use. A medical team can help you uncover any underlying medical conditions that you may not have realized otherwise, giving you the option to seek treatment and live a longer, healthier life.

    3. It encourages healthy lifestyle choices.

    Because proper nourishment is essential for helping the body recover from addiction, nutrition is a central component of some clinical detox programs. During active addiction, many individuals experience changes in appetite or weight. Learning the basics about nutrition and how to practice mindful eating in early recovery can help restore physical well-being and build a strong foundation for your sobriety. Some clinical detox programs also offer sleep education classes that teach you healthy resting habits, which can help your body and mind feel even more rejuvenated in the long term.

    Your Questions

    We hope that have encouraged you to get medical help anytime you’re considering getting off these 3 types of drugs. You don’t need go through the process of recovery alone. There are people who can help you with the struggles you’re facing. Get in touch with one today.

    If you or a loved one suffers, contact us today. Or, if you have a question…reach out. You can feel free to leave a comment below. We try to respond to all comments personally and promptly.

    —–
    About the Author: Amy Sedgwick is the Director of Clinical Operations for Mountainside Treatment Center. She is a Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor as well as a Nationally and Internationally Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. At Mountainside, she oversees Residential, Outpatient Services and Family Wellness programs, ensuring each team provides best in class service and care to every client. Amy is also on the Board of Directors for the Connecticut Certification Board (CCB) which provides nationwide training and addiction counseling certification.

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  • Risks of Drug Abuse in Developing Asia | Can We Help?

    Risks of Drug Abuse in Developing Asia | Can We Help?

    TABLE OF CONTENTS:

    A Lack of Funding or Geopolitics?

    Understanding drug abuse in developing Asian countries is a more complex task than you might think. Between the realities of a geopolitically divided world and the many challenges unique to Asia itself, the interrelated problems of drug abuse and the spread of communicable disease have lingered past the point of reason in developing countries such as:
    • The Republic of Korea
    • Myanmar
    • Indonesia
    • Cambodia

    …and elsewhere.

    However, no matter how you measure it, the situation ends up looking like a referendum on austerity. A lack of public funding is the proximate cause of these nations’ struggles with drug abuse and the risks it represents. But a lot of the blame lies with Western leaders, who for generations have preferred exporting conflict instead of practical knowledge and cooperation.

    Before the rest of the world can understand the requirements, we need to take an honest look at some of the factors that contribute to this ongoing problem in the first place. Nobody should believe the proximate cause is a lack of self-control or a lapse in individual morals, as we’re often meant to think about drug users.

    Rather, drug abuse is both a social and practical problem.

    Drug use in developing countries is a problem with a clear solution. In fact, the problem has steps worth taking, for both Asian nations and for those looking on in interest and concern from other shores.

    Understanding the Risk Factors

    The developing parts of Asia are not, in the grand scheme of things, “uniquely” at risk of abusing drugs. But there are some factors here which make drug use uniquely interrelated with the spread of highly infectious and dangerous diseases such as HIV/AIDS.

    One challenge health care workers and world institutions face is the sheer size and diversity of Asia’s population. Another challenge is that, in parts of the continent, a working knowledge of modern medicine has not permeated yet. The use of heroin, cannabis and hashish is common throughout Asia — and not exclusively for recreational use, either. Depending on the region, people have used some of these substances for traditional and medicinal purposes for generations unnumbered, according to the WHO.

    Furthermore, injection is the preferred method for administering some of these “medicines.” In the 1990s, for example, the use of amphetamine-style drugs began to dramatically rise in popularity throughout the developed and developing parts of Asia, including the Republic of Korea, Thailand, Indonesia, China, Japan, Myanmar, the Philippines and elsewhere. And at locations where a local doctor or religious leader administers ostensibly “medicinal” drugs, it’s not uncommon for up to 50 “patients” to share a single needle.

    Another condition that has shaped Asia’s relationships with illicit drugs also include the overlap between what experts call “IDUs” — injecting drug users — and sex work. In the parts of the world where sex work is most common, drug abuse seems to follow.

    So, it quickly becomes apparent that risk of disease is high. Add to this the lack of authoritative, accessible health care systems and an inclusive educational system…and we can begin to understand the complexity of regional issues. Each of these factors contribute to the likelihood of drug abuse and exposure to its many risks.

    Although men abuse a majority of opium and other drugs in Asia, the WHO has observed upticks in the number of female and child drug users in developing regions.

    Profiles of Drug Users in Asia

    Reports have disagreed for years about the rate at which women abuse drugs in Asian countries. Smoking opium, in particular, was historically a male pursuit. But authorities worry we’ve been underreporting the rate at which women use injectable drugs. They are also concerned we’ll see current numbers rise even further — perhaps to as high as 25 percent of the drug-using population — as we study these trends and better understand these “hidden” populations in Asia.

    The portraits of at-risk communities in portions of Vietnam, Cambodia and even parts of China include higher-than-average percentages of homeless children and high rates of both male and female sex workers, all of which has known ties to drug abuse. Educational levels vary among Asia’s drug-using population, but unemployment and underemployment are also major drivers and sustainers of drug use in Asian communities.

    What Asia Needs from the Rest of the World

    In their most recent tussles over tariffs and the exportation of goods and knowledge, most wealthier nations haven’t worried themselves too much about exporting the materials and personnel necessary for up-and-coming countries to invest in their education and health care systems. Indeed, wealthy governments don’t usually concern themselves with ensuring the prosperity of other peoples of the world, especially those in developing nations.

    Suffice it to say, evidence-based drug abuse and HIV prevention measures are not common in middle-income and impoverished countries in Asia. If there’s a public health budget at all, rather little of it tends to be earmarked for prevention and educational/outreach purposes.

    This general lack of institutional health resources — plus the public tendency toward avoidance of topics about the relationships between promiscuous sex, the spread of STDs and the use of injectable drugs — trap developing countries in cycles of poverty that leave people lacking essential resources and a livable degree of dignity for generations at a time.

    The main point is this: Living life in poverty further fuels drug use in at-risk communities in Asia and beyond.

    But it’s not just care for, and education of, the drug user or patient that matters. We must also make efforts to help these countries better educate their police forces. There is a balance to be found between approaches that emphasize harm reduction and those that focus on occupational safety for police officers. There is, appropriately, concern among law enforcement that drug users might have dangerous paraphernalia on them, such as used needles. And accidents can happen.

    Efforts to better educate members of the law enforcement community can yield better, and more compassionate, results. In Kyrgyzstan, officers who received education about what daily life is like for drug users came to employ more compassionate means to keep the peace in their communities, including referring patients to public health facilities, instead of confiscating their property or condemning them to criminal proceedings.

    Supervised Injection Sites

    In Europe, and even certain areas in the United States, one type of public health investment that’s resulted in positive returns is called a “supervised injection site.” Citing successes in Europe, cities like Seattle, Washington provide drug users with safe places where they can gradually wean themselves off chemical dependencies. Supervised injection sites are motivated by harm reduction ideologies, without the need to use on the street and risk using a contaminated syringe or needle.

    The idea is not to encourage “moderate” drug use. It’s to provide community-based aid and practical, compassionate next steps for people suffering from the effects of drug dependency. Beyond that, supervised injection sites help slow the spread of infectious diseases among drug-using communities that might otherwise be sharing needles.

    Still, safe injection facilities are uncommon even in the developed world due to social stigmas and a lack of funding — and that makes them even rarer in developing countries. In Kazakhstan, for example, political controversy derailed a national opioid substitution therapy program. And in Uzbekistan, a similar federal-level pilot program for weaning patients off opioids got rejected before the first trials had finished.

    General Takeaways

    There is now plenty of evidence linking the abuse of drugs in developing nations with incidences of HIV/AIDS and STD transmission, among other forms of social harm. But what tends to be missing is serious attention and follow-through from the countries who have the resources to do something.

    The institutions whose job it is to study trends like these and draw up actionable conclusions, such as the WHO and Family Health International, agree reducing drug abuse and its many ancillary types of harm in the developing areas of Asia comes down to three major components of a long-overdue consciousness-raising campaign:

    1. Syringe exchange programs are a proven success that can save lives and tens of millions of dollars. If the developing world adopts them in higher numbers, they can save lives there, too, and help prevent the spread of infection.

    2. Residents of these nations need better access to biomedical and behavioral preventive medicine. Behavioral prevention might take the form of educational mission trips, which can help deliver some of the practical, and potentially life-saving, knowledge these citizens need to understand their health better.

    3. Developed nations must share their resources for HIV/AIDS treatment strategies, including making testing protocols more widely available and sharing plans for education and early detection.

    Still, economic austerity plays a hugely detrimental role in the health of world citizens. In Greece, following that country’s economic meltdown in 2007, some of the following years saw roughly 15-fold increases in rates of HIV infection. As a country’s tax revenue falls — or, rather, gets siphoned off to fund privately owned enterprises — that country’s investments in public health and medicine must also fall, and the health and “health literacy” of its citizens necessarily suffers.

    It’s possible to measure a country’s greatness by how willing it is to help vulnerable people turn their lives around. Because of this, Asia’s struggle with drugs is everybody’s struggle.

    Your Comments

    Like what you’ve read here?

    Have an opinion yourself?

    Please leave your comments in the section at the end of the page. We’d love to hear from you! We will try to respond to all comments and questions personally and promptly.

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  • 7 Common Signs and Symptoms of Teen Drug Use

    7 Common Signs and Symptoms of Teen Drug Use

    Daily Drug Use Signals a Problem

    While there are some surveys that indicate drug abuse among teenagers is decreasing, that does not mean the problem has gone away. It’s still common for teens to experiment with drug use for the purpose of fitting in, escaping from reality, or simply out of curiosity.

    Could your teen be on the way to daily drug use? If you notice one or more of these seven signs of teen drug use in your child, it’s time to have a conversation with him or her and seek treatment if necessary.

    Signs of Teen Drug Use

    1. The Desire for Privacy Increases. 

    All teenagers want some private space and that is completely normal. For this reason, you should remember to knock before entering your teen’s room. However, when the need for privacy becomes extreme, it could be a sign of drug use. There are some distinct ways that this can manifest.

    For example, a teen who is attempting to hide their drug use might not answer openly to questions such as, “When will you be home?” or, “Who is going to the party?” Instead, s/he might become defensive and seek distance. So, when a child who typically responds to these questions openly begins to view them as an invasion of privacy, it is a sign that something may be wrong.

    2. Old Friends Fade Away and New Ones Take Over. 

    Childhood relationships don’t always make it through to adulthood. It’s a normal process if your child sees less of an old friend and begins to spend time with a new one. However, it becomes a concern if the entire crowd is replaced by new people.

    This potential symptom of drug use is even more concerning when your child does not want you to meet those new friends. They might even get angry when you mention an old friend. This is because they understand that you may pick up on signs that those new buddies are involved in something that’s not in their best interest.

    3. Hygiene and Clothing Habits Change. 

    Another sign that your teen is using drugs includes changes in dress or hygiene. For example, your child used to do a good job of taking a shower, brushing after meals, and using deodorant. Lately, that seems to happen a little less each week. At first, it was a shower skipped one night, then it becomes several days in between baths. Things like brushing the hair or even washing the face just aren’t important anymore.

    Teen drug use may manifest through other changes. For instance, even clothing choices may change. Perhaps your child used to take pride in creating outfits with matching pieces and made sure they were clean and free or any rips or tears. Now, it’s no big deal to step out in clothing that hasn’t seen the inside of a washing machine in some time.

    Less diligence with personal hygiene, including the clothing your teen wears, could mean that something else has become more important than being clean and looking good. That something could be one or more drugs.

    4. Former Interests Are Replaced With New Ones or Nothing at All. 

    Hobbies and other interests do change over time. Typically, the changes are gradual rather than happening in quick succession. If your teen’s interests quickly change and the new interests seem to draw the teen further away from family and former friends, drugs may be involved.

    You should also be concerned if those former interests are not replaced with anything at all. Apathy and lethargy can be symptoms of drug use.

    A child who no longer finds joy in prior interests and would rather spend their time isolated or sleeping could be developing a serious drug dependency.

    5. An Increased Need for Cash. 

    Your teen may get a certain allowance which they can spend as they wish. If they begin to ask for more money than usual, it’s possible they could be spending that money on drugs. They might even lie about what they need the money for. For example, they might ask for money to go see a movie but then not be able to present a ticket stub to you.

    If a teen with a drug abuse problem is not able to get the money they need to support their habit, they may resort to stealing money. If you notice cash missing from your wallet, this could be a sign of drug use.

    6. Things Disappear Around the House. 

    In addition to stealing money, teens addicted to drugs may also begin to steal items from their own house. Have you noticed any electronic devices, watches, jewelry, or other personal items missing from where they are normally stored? If so, it’s possible that your teen might have sold these items to raise money for drugs. When drug use becomes an addition, teens will do whatever it takes to get their hands on the drug. That includes stealing from people they love.

    Keep in mind that if you mention the missing items, your teen may hint around that someone else is to blame while also denying any involvement. Be especially concerned if the denial comes with what appears to be an inordinate amount of anger. People with something to hide are more prone to respond in this manner when others are getting a little too close to the secret.

    7. Grades and Attendance Have Declined.

    Although drugs are not the only reason why your teen may start skipping classes or failing to do coursework, it is one of the more common reasons. While you want to keep a cool head, lower grades and reports that your child is not attending classes should be taken seriously. If the underlying cause is drugs, taking action now will save your teen from larger problems later on in life.

    Teen Drug Use Can be Treated

    You love your teen. You want the best for your child. If you see any of these symptoms developing, don’t write them off as being a natural part of adolescence.

    Talk to your teen and find out if drugs are involved.

    If your teen is taking drugs, know that help is available. Seek professional help for your teen and for yourself. With the aid of the right program, it’s possible for your teenager to recover from drug abuse and enjoy a productive life.

    View the original article at