Category: Addiction News

  • Are Opioid Prescription Rates Actually Declining?

    Are Opioid Prescription Rates Actually Declining?

    While individual states have reported declines in opioid prescription rates, this did not apply for all Americans, according to Mayo Clinic researchers.

    After reviewing anonymous insurance claims data covering 48 million people between 2007 and 2016, the researchers concluded that “opioid prescription rates have remained flat for insured patients over the last 10 years,” as Forbes reported.

    Specifically, disabled Medicare patients displayed the highest rates of use and the largest proportion of long-term use of prescription opioids.

    More than 51% of disabled Medicare patients used opioids, while this number was just 14% for privately insured patients and 26% of non-disabled Medicare patients used opioids.

    As lead author Molly Jeffery explained, even though integrative pain programs that use over-the-counter pain medication like Advil and Tylenol, alongside physical therapy, can be just as if not more effective than opioid painkillers for some patients, they tend to cost more than opioid painkillers alone, leading insurers to favor the cheaper option.

    “We wanted to know how the declines were experienced by individual people,” said Jeffery. “Did fewer people have opioid prescriptions? Did people taking opioids take less over time? When we looked at it that way, we found a different picture.”

    The Mayo Clinic is now prescribing fewer pain pills per patient, Jeffery said, trying to find a balance of giving “enough medication to relieve pain without raising the risk of addiction.”

    Establishing prescription limits could reduce the risk of opioid overdose for some patients, the researchers said, “but that reduction in risk must be weighed against the burden to patients and their physicians.”

    Former The Fix contributor, journalist and author Maia Szalavitz warned as early as 2012 of the consequences of a nationwide crackdown on pain medication. In her article “The Innocent Victims of America’s Painkiller Panic,” she offers a critique of opioid “policing”—which is not limited to prescription limits.

    “There’s little evidence that such policing prevents addiction or does anything else beyond inconveniencing and stigmatizing pain patients,” Szalavitz wrote.

    According to Ballotpedia, as of this past April, 28 states have established policies or guidelines that set limits on the supply of opioids that can be prescribed by doctors.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Could Depression Be Diagnosed By A Blood Test In The Future?

    Could Depression Be Diagnosed By A Blood Test In The Future?

    Researchers may have discovered a possible biomarker for major depressive disorder.

    A blood test is in the works that may be an important new step in fighting depression.

    In a new study, researchers in the U.S. and Sweden have been examining a chemical in the brain, acetyl-L-carnitine, or LAC for short, to determine if it plays a role in depression. 

    Natalie Rasgon, a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University, who is a senior author in this study, told ABC News, “Previous animal studies convincingly showed the role of LAC in models of depression. This study is the first confirmation of the results from animal studies in human subjects with depression.”

    A previous study on LAC was conducted on mice and it did improve their depression symptoms. LAC could be used as a biomarker in patients, meaning a measurable chemical in the brain that shows the presence of a disease, and it could eventually be a way to screen and diagnose people with serious or treatment-resistant depression.

    Newsweek reports that among the 116 people who participated in this survey, 71 had depression and 45 did not. The participants with depression had lower levels of LAC than others. For the participants with severe depression, their LAC levels were very low. This study revealed that LAC levels were lowest with women who had treatment-resistant depression, and who endured childhood trauma.

    There could also eventually be supplements that could improve people’s LAC levels down the road, yet Rasgon adds, “We are at the very beginning of this discovery and can’t recommend people to buy this supplement at the GNC store… There are many questions to be answered—who will ultimately benefit from taking this supplement, what is the right dose, what is the appropriate duration of use.”

    Over 300 million people live with depression worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. It is a complex mental health issue to fight. “Depressive disorders can present differently in different people,” Rasgon says. “What is known now is that depression affects not just the brain but the whole organism.”

    Still, Rasgon is enthusiastic about the early results from this study. “We are working on extending them to further understand the role of LAC in patients receiving treatment for depression,” she says. “It is one of the pieces of a very large puzzle that constitutes depressive disorders as an illness.” 

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • New York Moves To Replace Opioids With Medical Marijuana

    New York Moves To Replace Opioids With Medical Marijuana

    Opioid use disorder has been added to the list of qualifying conditions that medical cannabis can be used to treat in the state.

    Officials in New York have changed medical marijuana policy in order to make it easier for patients to access medical cannabis in lieu of opioids, and have added opioid use disorder to the list of qualifying conditions that medical cannabis can be used to treat. 

    The New York Department of Health announced the expansion on July 12. Under the emergency regulations, any condition that could be prescribed an opioid is now a qualifying condition for medical marijuana

    “Effective immediately, registered practitioners may certify patients to use medical marijuana as a replacement for opioids, provided that the precise underlying condition for which an opioid would otherwise be prescribed is stated on the patient’s certification,” the state’s press release said. “This allows patients with severe pain that doesn’t meet the definition of chronic pain to use medical marijuana as a replacement for opioids.”

    The expansion also allows people who are being treated for opioid use disorder in a qualified treatment setting to be issued a medical marijuana license to use cannabis as a replacement for opioids. 

    Only 12 other medical conditions are currently listed as qualifying conditions for medical cannabis, so the expansion could have a significant effect on New York’s medical marijuana system. At the time of the announcement, just over 62,000 New Yorkers had a medical marijuana license, according to the health department.  

    Lawmakers hope that by expanding access to medical marijuana, they can reduce the number of opioids prescribed in the state. 

    “Medical marijuana has been shown to be an effective treatment for pain that may also reduce the chance of opioid dependence,” said New York State Health Commissioner Dr. Howard Zucker. “Adding opioid replacement as a qualifying condition for medical marijuana offers providers another treatment option, which is a critical step in combatting the deadly opioid epidemic affecting people across the state.”

    Additional changes will make it easier for people to access medical cannabis after they are approved for the program. Lawmakers hope that this will help reduce overdose deaths from opioids. 

    “I have been strongly advocating to remove barriers and allow the use of medical marijuana as an alternative to opioids because it will help patients, reduce the number of highly addictive opioids in circulation, and ultimately, it will save lives,” state Senator George Amedore, co-chair of the Senate Task Force on Heroin and Opioid Addiction said in a June press release.

    “We continue to be faced with an opioid epidemic that is devastating communities throughout our state. It’s important we continue to do everything possible to address this issue from all sides, so I’m glad the Department of Health is taking this measure that will help high risk patients, as well as those that are struggling with, or have overcome, addiction.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Misuse Of Unapproved Antidepressant With Opioid-Like Effects Spikes

    Misuse Of Unapproved Antidepressant With Opioid-Like Effects Spikes

    Though tianeptine isn’t FDA-approved, it’s not illegal and can be purchased online as a dietary supplement.

    An apparent spike in the use of an unapproved antidepressant called tianeptine is poisoning people who are looking to benefit from the drug’s mild opioid-like effects, according to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report released last week.

    From 2000 to 2013, the U.S. saw 11 tianeptine-related poison control center calls; from 2014 to 2017, there were more than 200. That’s all according to the CDC analysis of National Poison Data System information, which sheds new light on a growing trend.

    Though tianeptine isn’t FDA-approved, it’s not illegal and can be purchased online as a dietary supplement. It’s often marketed elsewhere under brand names Coaxil and Stablon, according to Vice News.

    The drug was first discovered by the French Society of Medical Research back in the 1960s, and it’s been shown to help fight depression and anxiety, according to CNN.

    When it was patented, scientists weren’t entirely clear on how it worked. But in 2014, researchers found that the drug lights up certain opioid receptors. While that appears to help with some depression symptoms, it also means that people taking tianeptine can have opioid-like withdrawal when they stop taking the drug.

    “Tianeptine has an abuse potential in former opiate drug users,” the CDC researchers wrote. “This study further highlights that the withdrawal effects of tianeptine mimic those of opioid withdrawal.”

    But, unlike with traditional opioids of abuse, tianeptine doesn’t show up on drug screens, which can make it a tempting choice for justice-involved individuals looking for a high that won’t land them in legal hot water.

    “I think people have this misguided belief that if you can get it on the internet and it’s not overtly illegal and you’re not going through the dark web to acquire these substances, so it must be OK,” Raphael Leo, an associate professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Buffalo, told CNN.

    But, earlier this year, the Journal of Analytical Toxicology reported on two tianeptine-related deaths in Texas, and more have been reported in other countries.

    The potential dangers of the unapproved drug have sparked some calls to ban it. In April, Michigan greenlit a law banning the substance on the heels of a number of overdoses, according to the Associated Press.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • "Celebrity Rehab" Treatment Center Shut Down By Health Department

    "Celebrity Rehab" Treatment Center Shut Down By Health Department

    The founders of the recovery center say they’re working with the state agency to resolve the concerns.

    The California Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) suspended the license of a drug rehabilitation center that earned exposure as the setting for the VH1 reality series Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew.

    An investigation into the death of a patient at the Pasadena Recovery Center (PRC), along with other alleged violations, caused the department to temporarily suspend the facility’s license in June 2018, and DHCS is seeking to make that suspension permanent while it addresses concerns about its patients.

    The founders of the recovery center, which currently operates as a sober living facility, hope to work with the agency to resolve the many concerns.

    According to the Pasadena Star-News, an unnamed patient died at PRC in 2017 after being admitted to its recovery program. Investigators found that while the staff determined that the individual was under the influence of an unnamed substance, he or she allegedly did not undergo detoxification.

    DHCS also claimed that PRC employees failed to check on the client every 30 minutes or carry out orders from a doctor regarding the individual. 

    A former client who spoke to the Star-News on condition of anonymity also alleged that PRC continued to conduct detox for clients after the June 2018 temporary suspension.

    The Star-News coverage noted that these clients learned about the suspension in late June and were subsequently discharged.

    The death—one of 84 at non-medical rehab facilities investigated by the state between 2012 and 2017—was just one of several inquiries conducted by DHCS into alleged activities at the PRC.

    The Star-News cited a May 2018 investigation where the facility was reportedly found to have improperly monitored detox for clients; other alleged issues ranged from missing files and lack of counseling sessions to disrepair in bedrooms and bathrooms.

    PRC was also cited for reportedly claiming that it was a 98-bed facility, despite being licensed for 88 beds, though the company has adjusted that number on its website.

    In a statement, attorney Alison Triessl, who co-founded PRC with her father, psychiatrist Dr. Lee Bloom, wrote that the facility “has been operating continuously for nearly two decades, and during that time, it has served thousands of patients in need. It was recently notified by the DHCS of certain alleged deficiencies. We are participating in settlement negotiations with the department and hope to have the matter resolved in the near future.”

    From 2008 to 2012, PRC was featured on the controversial Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew, where it served as the treatment facility for an array of famous patients with alleged substance dependency issues.

    Six “cast members” died after appearing on the series, including country singer Mindy McCready, Alice in Chains bassist Mike Starr, Rodney King, wrestler/actor Joanie Laurer and actor Jeff Conaway. As the Star-News noted, not all of these deaths were attributed to their dependency issues.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Bam Margera Discusses DUI, Rehab

    Bam Margera Discusses DUI, Rehab

    After attending a Jackass reunion earlier this year, Margera says he had “the pleasure of getting a DUI” which led to him entering treatment for a month.

    Back in January, pro-skating star and Jackass alumni Bam Margera was arrested for driving under the influenceTMZ reported that Margera was sentenced for his DUI in April, where in lieu of jail time he was given three years of probation, and had to attend mandatory alcohol programs and AA meetings. 

    Margera subsequently checked into rehab about a week after his DUI arrest. He recently opened up to Revolver about his DUI, rehab, and smoking weed with Snoop Dogg.

    “Last fall, I attended a surprise Jackass reunion at the Rainbow Bar and Grill in Hollywood where, as you can imagine, the beers flowed all night,” he says. “Long story short, as I drove away from the party, not knowing where I was headed, I pulled over to try and figure it out. That’s when I noticed the police lights behind me. I was like, ‘Fuck, I’m pulled over.’ As it turned out, the police had actually pulled someone else over right behind me, and then came to my car to see why I was just sitting there. So yeah, I had the pleasure of getting a DUI that night that led to my being in a treatment center for a month.”

    Before he got busted, Margera spent time in Estonia and Spain to get back in shape and stay away from the temptation to party.

    “I think the catalyst was when I stepped on a scale after a fucking drinking bender and I was 230 pounds. So I flew myself to Estonia, to the middle of the fucking woods in a log cabin for six months. I was on a full-blown Rocky Balboa mission to hike and bike and get myself in shape just to be able to skate.”

    Still, opportunity knocked and Margera was caught by the paparazzi peeing on a tree after getting loaded at a bar. After that incident, “I actually went the longest time without drinking until I went to the surprise Jackass reunion party.”

    After being charged with a DUI, Margera spent time at a treatment center in Venice, California where he “did the family therapy thing with my mom.” 

    Margera was asked by Revolver if he indulged in any legal California weed post-rehab. “I don’t do well with weed ever since I smoked some with Snoop Dogg,” he laughed.

    After one puff of Snoop’s “Purple Bin Laden” weed, Margera said he was “instantly transformed into a zombie… I ended up climbing into a fucking bush outside the tour bus, missed the entire show, and just laid there, staring at the moon all night. So yeah, no more weed for me.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Demi Lovato Releases First Statement After Overdose Reports

    Demi Lovato Releases First Statement After Overdose Reports

    “This illness is not something that disappears or fades with time. It is something I must continue to overcome and have not done yet.”

    After 12 days in the hospital following an apparent overdose, pop star Demi Lovato finally released a statement regarding the incident.

    “I have always been transparent about my journey with addiction,” the 25-year-old recovery advocate said on her Instagram on August 5. “What I’ve learned is that this illness is not something that disappears or fades with time. It is something I must continue to overcome and have not done yet.”

    Lovato was released from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles on Saturday night. She was admitted to the hospital on July 24, after EMTs were called to her Hollywood Hills home. TMZ reported that she was revived with Narcan, the drug that is administered to reverse opioid overdose.

    Lovato has since been recovering from health complications following the reported overdose.

    “I want to thank God for keeping me alive and well,” the singer continued in her recent statement. “To my fans, I am forever grateful for all of your love and support throughout this past week and beyond. Your positive thoughts and prayers have helped me navigate through this difficult time.”

    Lovato has become a prominent voice for the recovery and mental health support community. The singer celebrated six years of sobriety in March, before releasing a new single titled “Sober” in June, in which she apologizes for a recent relapse. 

    “I want to thank my family, my team, and the staff at Cedars-Sinai who have been by my side this entire time. Without them I wouldn’t be here writing this letter to all of you,” Lovato continued.

    A source told People that Lovato will receive “continued care at an in-patient rehab facility.”

    The singer ended her Instagram statement with a promise to continue working on her recovery.

    “I now need time to heal and focus on my sobriety and road to recovery. The love you have all shown me will never be forgotten and I look forward to the day where I can say I came out on the other side. I will keep fighting.”

    Lovato’s impact on mental health and recovery awareness is revealed in a simple search of the social media hashtag #HowDemiHasHelpedMe.

    After news of the singer’s hospitalization, fans have used the hashtag to pay tribute to the positive impact that Lovato’s dedication to reducing the stigma of living with substance use disorder or mental health issues has had on them.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • When My “Give a F**k” Broke

    When My “Give a F**k” Broke

    I stood on the edge of this abyss and began my free fall to find healthy. I had nothing left to lose.

    “I am fine,” was my go to response for years. When anyone would ask, I would answer with that canned response, and if the typical follow up question was “Really?”, I was prepared. I would look them square in the eye and state firmly, “There is no other option.”

    During my almost three-year sexual assault investigation and prosecution, this was my warrior’s response. If someone was brave enough to follow up with that second question and meet my eyes for the response, typically they took a step back or walked away. Even my therapists tried to break through that façade, but my walls were thick, my stilettos were high, and my eyes were piercing. I was not for the faint of heart and no one was getting in.

    I was a mom first, a single mom. A single mom operating as both Mom and Dad to two beautiful girls. That man was so disengaged, he moved to Dubai but continued to send—not child support—but rather criticizing emails on how I should raise our children. Thank God for email filters – his crap went straight to a file I almost never opened.

    I was a sexual assault survivor who learned a life lesson that I could rely on no one and safety did not exist. Life taught me how to use my presence and my voice to keep people at bay, and also how to motivate people to act. Safety was not real, so I had to make it so. But my triggers were substantial and regular, and the constant awareness that what happened to me could happen to my daughters often paralyzed me.

    Those two daughters were my everything. I became a warrior on their behalf. When the school administration failed to protect my daughter from bullies, I fought them, and then finally moved. When my daughter was struck in a hit and run that was so severe it totaled my new car, I allowed my mother bear instinct to come out but limited my rage so I would not be put in prison.

    I carried a mortgage, student loan debt, and at one time allowed a homeless family of four to live with us in our home until the pregnant mother could give birth and they could get on their feet. Meanwhile, professionally, I endured a passive-aggressive boss who enjoyed playing head games for sport. I supervised (and truly enjoyed) over 60 adjunct professors who taught amazing students at a graduate school. With what little personal time I had, any attempts at dating were laughable; the caliber of men available was lower than I could settle for and the unavailable men who attempted to gain my affection repulsed me. I was hard, I was strong, and I was lonely – but it worked. I didn’t have a choice. I did not have the luxury of time to handle hurt or to feel more than what was necessary to be functional. I was safe if I exposed myself to nothing and no one. I was this way unintentionally most of the time, but knew how to call upon it when necessary. Still, I was absolutely perplexed when I was given feedback that I was intimidating. I just wanted to survive and I was doing it the only way I knew how.

    When my daughter was committed to a mental health facility twice for attempting suicide and given the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder with PTSD, I finally broke. The realization that I really could not protect my children from all the unknowns absolutely unraveled me. I sat in the emergency room, sobbing. All my deepest fears and suppressed anguish came to the surface. The reality that I could not keep my children from hurt translated into absolute failure as their mother. When the emergency room doctor came over for my statement, I was crying so hard that I could not talk. She asked me that dreaded question, “Are you okay?” I finally answered honestly, and it was the only word I could get out, “No.” That simple and honest answer broke through years of protective walls and it was devastating.

    During the months that followed, my newfound vulnerability did not settle well. I needed back in the driver’s seat; it was a non-stop internal battle. I hustled myself back into therapy, where, at one point, I told my amazing therapist that I could not talk to him unless I laid flat on the floor of his office. I was convinced I was losing my mind. He assured me I was not but I did not believe him.

    I was broken. My “Give A F**k” was now in a constant state of zero and my moral compass was constantly spinning. I felt exposed and vulnerable and very, very confused. The belief system I had created to make sense of the violence that had happened to me and to generate an environment of safety for my daughters was an illusion that had been destroyed. I had perfected this for years and it was gone in an instant. I was drowning. I could not breathe.

    What I didn’t realize at the time was that this was a gift. The dam wall had broken and all of the harbored pain was released and it forced me to process it. A healthy, accepting mindset was as foreign to me as Egyptian hieroglyphics and I had to change. My mental health and my ability to be a good mother and human depended on it. I stood on the edge of this abyss and began my free fall to find healthy. I had nothing left to lose.

    Fresh eyes saw the world for all its flaws and beauty. I learned to address flaws as a simple ingredient of life and not as a threat; I began to accept people and situations for who they were, and it was freeing. Another key step to my freedom was learning to listen to my gut and unapologetically responding as such. If I did not feel comfortable in the presence of someone, I simply removed myself gracefully and did not look back. My gut owed no one an explanation, and that was empowering. Kindness was no longer seen as weakness and connecting with people was no longer dangerous. The world was not a field of landmines but rather an adventure with twists and turns.

    I felt like I was breathing fresh air for the first time. I laughed freely without hesitation, I smiled boldly without fear, and I slept so well. I loved with all of me and I loved ME. Everything in me relaxed for the first time in over a dozen years and my mental health was good, for REAL. I was no longer simply “fine,” I was “good,” teetering on great.

    Unhealthy people in my life were not so supportive of my new healthy lifestyle, but healthy people supported me with fervor. My manipulative boss was the least supportive because she would no longer get the intended response. She was a daily practice for me though, providing regular situations that allowed me to implement healthy responses. She eventually began ignoring me. Unhealthy friendships fell to the wayside. My youngest daughter, who was working on her own demons, did not understand my choices and decided to go live with her father overseas. I mourned her decision, but the friends and loved ones who accepted me, even when I went into my Xena: Warrior Princess mode, kept me grounded.

    Shortly after reconnecting with my emotions and releasing my fear, I met a man who changed my life. He was so healthy and good, kind and unconditionally accepting. Jumping into the abyss landed me in the arms of someone who did not see me as broken and on the mend. I was also able to connect with my oldest daughter on a level that I cannot explain other than she is one of my best friends. She accepts my flaws as I accept hers, and we connect almost every day.

    I left my stressful position in that unhealthy working environment and began working as an independent contractor, providing trainings to first responders on how to communicate with victims of trauma. I began writing educational materials and speaking at conferences, utilizing my rape and prosecution experience as an educational opportunity for those who work within the criminal justice, mental health and medical professions. This work is sometimes emotional and tiring, but highly rewarding. It gives me purpose and satisfaction to know that I can make a difference.

    My “Give a F**k” may have broken, but I didn’t, and it was the best thing that ever happened to me.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Hay Fever's Link To Mental Health Issues Examined

    Hay Fever's Link To Mental Health Issues Examined

    Researchers examined the link between hay fever and depression in adolescents for a study.

    For many people, itchy eyes, sneezing and a scratchy throat are a right of passage every spring as the flowers bloom and the pollen begins to blow.

    However, although it might be common, one report found that hay fever is linked to depression and anxiety in adolescents.

    A review published in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology looked over 25 studies of individuals with hay fever, concentrating on patients who were between the ages of 10 and 19. The review found that adolescents with hay fever had a lower quality of life than other teens, were more likely to have their sleep and routines disrupted, and have academic consequences.

    “Although [hay fever is] sometimes perceived as trivial conditions, this review indicates that [the] effect on adolescent life is negative and far-reaching,” the authors wrote. “It is critical that clinicians gain a greater understanding of the unique burden of [hay fever] in adolescents to ensure they receive prompt and appropriate care and treatment to improve clinical and academic outcomes.”

    “The emotional burden of hay fever can be huge for adolescents,” lead study author Dr. Michael Blaiss told Medical News Today. “Three of the studies in our review examined how adolescents are emotionally affected by hay fever […] and hay fever with eye allergies (allergic rhinoconjunctivitis). They found adolescents with hay fever had higher rates of anxiety and depression, and a lower resistance to stress. [They] also exhibited more hostility, impulsivity, and changed their minds often.” 

    Blaiss pointed out that adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the effects of disruption to their sleep. 

    “Lack of sleep or poor sleep are both huge issues for adolescents, and it can be made worse by the symptoms of hay fever with or without eye allergies,” he said. “Poor sleep can have a negative impact on school attendance, performance, and academic achievement.”

    Between 15 and 38% of teens have hay fever, so understanding the social and emotional consequences is important for public health. It’s also important economically, since millions of doctors visits and sick days are caused by hay fever each year.

    Researchers also pointed out that teens might have their hay fever present differently from younger children or from adults. For example, teens are more likely to say that itchy eyes or sneezing is their most pressing symptom.

    However, symptoms like snoring at night and night waking are the cause for the most concern, since they can lead to sleep disruption. 

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Addiction Likely Reason For Alarming Parental Loss Rates In One Region

    Addiction Likely Reason For Alarming Parental Loss Rates In One Region

    Nearly 15% of children in one surveyed area have a parent who has been in jail, in comparison to 8% of children across the nation.

    Children in parts of Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana may be at greater risk of being separated from their parents, likely due to the opioid crisis, according to a new survey.

    Interact for Health released the 2017 Child Well-Being Survey on Friday, August 3. The survey was taken by more than 2,700 parents and guardians in 22 counties across southwest Ohio, northern Kentucky and southeast Indiana.

    According to the Cincinnati Enquirer, the stand-out results from the survey include the fact that nearly 15% of children in the surveyed area have a parent who has been in jail, in comparison to 8% of children across the nation.

    Additionally, approximately 8% of the children in the surveyed area had a parent who had died, in comparison to 3% across the country.

    “While this survey doesn’t tell us why, substance abuse is a likely contributor,” Sonya Carrico, senior program officer for the opioid team at Interact for Health, told the Enquirer. “Our region has some of the highest rates of drug overdose deaths in the nation, many among adults age 25 to 44, and the percentage of youth in foster care due to parental substance abuse is on the rise.”

    This reasoning would make sense, as Ohio and Kentucky have been some of the states hardest hit by the opioid epidemic, according to the Enquirer. In 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s drug overdose mortality by state had Ohio ranked second in the U.S., and Kentucky fifth.

    Another piece of information that supports this idea, the Enquirer states, is that 30% of the children in custody of the Hamilton County Job and Family Services were taken out of their homes due to having a parent struggling with substance use.

    In some cases, this leads to children being taken in by other family members. Maureen Sharib of Cincinnati is caring for her 10-year-old granddaughter Brianna, and has been since she was 15 months old. Sharib’s daughter and Brianna’s mother, Natalie, died in 2017 after an overdose. Brianna’s 5-year-old brother, Jaxon, is in the custody of Sharib’s sister.

    “The epidemic’s toll is hard to measure, but these numbers have to be considered every time you hear an ambulance passing or see one parked in the street,” Sharib told the Enquirer. “Just about every time you see that, there are children involved… Innocent children standing by, watching the horror of what’s happening to the people who are most important to them in their lives. There is no taking that away—ever. There is no bandage that can salve those wounds.”

    Situations such as these, according to the Enquirer, could affect children’s mental and physical health later in life. 

    “When children experience prolonged, intense, frequent stress, their bodies may respond to elevated stress hormone levels in ways harmful to their growth and development,” Dr. Robert Shapiro, director of the Mayerson Center for Safe and Healthy Children at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, told the Enquirer

    However, Shapiro tells the Enquirer, there are ways to help children cope and stay on a healthy path later in life. 

    “We can prevent these harmful effects by building supportive communities, by promoting strong caring relationships with adults and by strengthening a child’s social and emotional skills,” Shapiro said. 

    View the original article at thefix.com