Category: Addiction News

  • Woman Testifies About Chronic Pain, Opioids From Cot

    Woman Testifies About Chronic Pain, Opioids From Cot

    “We must invest in the discovery of new, effective, and safer options for people living with pain,” Cindy Steinberg said in prepared remarks.

    It’s heartbreaking to see the faces of the opioid epidemic—young lives cut short by drug overdoses. Yet, this week another tragic but often overlooked face of the epidemic was on display when a woman testified before Congress from a cot, detailing her life with chronic pain. 

    Cindy Steinberg, national director of policy and advocacy for U.S. Pain Foundation spoke before the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions during a hearing entitled “Managing Pain During the Opioid Crisis.”

    Steinberg’s chronic pain began 18 years ago when filing cabinets and cubical walls fell on her at work. Today, she isn’t able to sit or stand for long periods without experiencing muscle spasms and pain.

    She told the committee that her life is like “being a prisoner in your own body and being tortured,” according to the National Pain Report

    Steinberg argued that substance abuse and access to pain management medications for those who need them are two entirely separate issues. She said that rising overdoses has highlighted an existing problem, “underscor[ing] our failure to provide adequate, safe, accessible treatment options for pain relief.”

    “We can and must restore balance to opioid prescribing,” Steinberg said. 

    According to NBC News, Steinberg said in her prepared remarks, “In the near term, we can and must restore balance to opioid prescribing with depoliticized, rational and cleareyed recognition of the risks and benefits of these medications. In the long term, we must invest in the discovery of new, effective, and safer options for people living with pain.”

    Others who advocate for pain patients, including Richard “Red” Lawhern, director of research for the Alliance for the Treatment of Intractable Pain, were happy to see Steinberg’s story in the spotlight.

    “Steinberg directly challenged the lack of resident expertise on pain management at CDC, suggesting that Congress direct the much better equipped NIH to rewrite the guidelines based on recommendations of the HHS (Department of Health & Human Services) Task Force. This is a recommendation I support,” Lawhern said. 

    Committee Chair Senator Lamar Alexander of Tennessee seemed to empathize with Steinberg’s concerns, saying the “massive effort in reducing the supply of opioids has had the unintended consequence of hurting people who need them.”

    This week, research emerged showing that current changes in access to prescription opioids are unlikely to reduce the number of opioid overdoses. The research shows that projected annual opioid overdose deaths will reach 82,000 by 2025

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • New Bill Targets Pregnant Women With Addiction

    New Bill Targets Pregnant Women With Addiction

    “This bill’s intent is to protect babies, period,” said the Tennessee bill’s original sponsor. 

    A bill that calls for the punishment of women who use drugs while pregnant is being introduced to the Tennessee legislature.

    House Bill 1168 was recently filed by Rep. Terri Lynn Weaver (R-Lancaster) and Sen. Janice Bowling (R-Tullahoma). The bill states that if a woman uses an illegal narcotic while pregnant and if the child is born harmed or drug-dependent, the mother could be charged with assault.

    The bill does allow that if the woman completes an addiction recovery program, the charges may be lessened.

    The term “addicted babies” is used in the bill but is considered inaccurate and stigmatizing.

    Dr. Jana Burson, an opioid addiction treatment specialist and outspoken advocate for methadone and buprenorphine, explains the issue: “According to our definition of addiction… you have to have the psychological component of craving or obsession. By definition infants are not able to experience addiction.”

    “This bill’s intent is to protect babies, period,” State Rep. Weaver said. “The number of babies born addicted to drugs, it has not decreased. It has exponentially increased.”

    Voices raised against the bill include Erika Lathon, public relations manager of Addiction Campuses. “We believe that perhaps the bill is well-intentioned, we all want to compel pregnant women who have an addiction to reach out and get treatment and to get help to get into an effective program, but we believe this law could really do the opposite.”

    Lathon would like to see money invested into addiction treatment rehabilitation centers and other drug addiction outreach programs. “Rather than throwing them into jail and then giving them a bunch of legal problems to deal with, a child going into foster care. All of these things is going to cost taxpayers more money on the back end,” Lathon pointed out.

    “A pregnant woman who is battling an addiction is already facing a tremendous amount of stigma and has a number of problems to deal with and then you add on top of that the possibility of her being prosecuted and thrown into jail, we believe that is going to push them further away, make the woman less likely to say, ‘Yes I have a problem, yes I’m addicted, yes I need help,’” Lathon said.

    WTHR reported that if the bill is made into law, it will go into effect on July 1.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Who Should Be Held Responsible For The Opioid Epidemic?

    Who Should Be Held Responsible For The Opioid Epidemic?

    A new op-ed suggests that to receive “true justice” for the opioid epidemic, “we need to root out all the villains regardless of whether they have famous names.”

    When it comes to the opioid epidemic, no name brings frustration and anger like Purdue Pharma. It is commonly accepted that the maker of OxyContin contributed to the growth of the opioid epidemic by using aggressive and misleading sales tactics meant to get more powerful opioids into the hands of more Americans. 

    The Sackler family, members of which founded the company that would become Purdue Pharma, have also come under fire for their perceived role in the epidemic. Not only did the family profit vastly from the sale of OxyContin, but new court documents assert that they were directly involved with pushing for more sales.

    When it became clear that OxyContin was addictive they even considered making medications to assist in the treatment of addiction, which would have allowed them to double dip, profiting from both ends of the crisis. 

    The actions of Purdue Pharma were reprehensible, Robert Gebelhoff writes in an opinion piece for The Washington Post. However, he argues that in addition to punishing them, the country needs to seek punishment and retribution for others who contributed to the crisis.

    “The opioid epidemic is one of the worst systematic failures of health care in our country. For true justice, we need to root out all the villains, regardless of whether they have famous names,” he writes. 

    Gebelhoff calls for holding the medical community and other accountable. 

    He writes, “Even if states are able to turn these latest charges into some form of punishment for the Sacklers themselves, what about all those who promoted their cause? What about the researchers who accepted funding from drug manufacturers and carried out campaigns to destigmatize opioid painkillers? What about the officials at the Food and Drug Administration who not only approved OxyContin without any clinical studies on how addictive the drug might be, but also approved a package insert declaring the drug safer than its rival painkillers?”

    He also points to government officials who failed to intervene in the crisis, and even made it more difficult for the Drug Enforcement Administration to pursue concerning opioid sales.

    At the same time, government policy made it difficult for people to access medication-assisted treatment, which is widely accepted as the best treatment for opioid use disorder. This pattern continues today, according to recent VA research that shows too few people are getting access to medication-assisted treatment. 

    “Who holds such practitioners accountable?” Gebelhoff asks. 

    Gebelhoff points out that the Sacklers and Purdue are a good target, because they have enough money to help fund access to treatment and other interventions into the epidemic. However, he says it’s important that other entities be held responsible even if they don’t have deep pockets. 

    “The opioid saga — stemming from prescription painkillers — has irreparably damaged the lives of countless Americans over the past few decades,” he writes. “Don’t they deserve better?”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • My Recovery Journey: From Trauma and Abuse to Understanding and Forgiveness

    My Recovery Journey: From Trauma and Abuse to Understanding and Forgiveness

    It’s no surprise to me that even with seven years of therapy I still chose an abusive addict as a partner. What else had I known, growing up the way I did?

    I always wanted to be a writer. I started writing in the fifth grade and wrote many short stories. I lacked imagination (or maybe it was too vivid, I’m not sure), and so I took my inspiration from stories already written. Most of what I wrote as a child was straight out of Judy Blume books. I couldn’t have picked characters more different from my own family.

    In Blume’s books, even the most challenging issues were always solved with a hug and a huge dose of love and encouragement. I would share these stories I “wrote” with my class and not only was it obvious I’d stolen the plots from Blume’s books, but nobody was fooled that my home life resembled these Leave It To Beaver-esque families.

    The black and blues on my little body had a way of telling a different story.

    A Concerned Teacher

    After about the fourth or fifth story, trying to pass off some fictional family as my own, my teacher—who’d taught my two older brothers before me—asked me to stay after class. He asked if everything at home was okay. He knew my brothers were hellions, the products of an abusive father and a drink-at-home mom.

    Unlike my brothers, though, I was a good girl. I had never once acted out—until that day. I had learned how to stay out of the way of my father’s explosive trigger hand. I was also a master at avoiding my mother after her third glass of “candy.”

    I felt cornered. I had to get out of there.

    I looked at my teacher square in the eyes and said, “You have no fucking clue what’s going on in my home. Stay the fuck away from me!” I flipped over a few chairs and desks before I grabbed my knapsack and ran out of his classroom. I was kind of half-crying, half-raging. I had never become unglued before. I was always the one my parents could count on to be polite and obedient, no matter what.

    My oldest brother was waiting for me outside school. He noticed I was on the verge of hyperventilating.

    “What happened?” Marco* asked.

    “Mr. Brendel asked if things were okay at home. I don’t know why he thought that. I have never been anything but what everyone expects me to be. What’s happening??”

    “I’ll take care of it,” Marco told me.

    And he did. I was never in trouble over the incident, and two days later Mr. Brendel apologized and we never discussed it again. Marco told me grownups weren’t stupid, and they knew things weren’t as peachy at home as they were in my fairytale stories. And then he said something that scared me: “Adults are going to want to help you. Accept their help. At some point I won’t be able to protect you.”

    My Brother’s Advice

    “What do you mean? You’ll always be here to protect me.” I fought back tears.

    “I won’t, Sarah. One day you’ll have to make your own decisions, and all I can do is guide you to make the best ones—for you and nobody else. I’ll be here as long as I can, but the sooner you can be independent, the better. One day you’ll wake up and see how fucked up things are at home. Don’t fear that day. Welcome it and get help.”

    I continued as the dutiful little girl living in my bubble and writing stories about people who bore no resemblance to my family. But when I turned 16, I decided I didn’t want to live at home after I graduated. Both my brothers were already out of the house.

    I looked into having myself emancipated. I even talked with a lawyer. While my brothers were tired of carrying the weight of responsibility, I was ready to be an adult, living on my own.

    My godmother and aunt convinced me to defer college for a year. Instead, they recommended therapy. I was reminded of the conversation I’d had with Marco outside my elementary school years earlier, so I took their advice.

    I graduated from high school and got a job in a photocopy shop. I paid for therapy and, by working six days a week, I saved enough for first and last month’s rent and a security deposit on a future apartment.

    I moved out of my parents’ house when I was 17, but it wasn’t exactly how I’d planned. I got this bug up my ass to do an intervention on my mother, but I had no idea what I was doing. It blew up in my face with my mother kicking me out of the house. Talk about an epic fail.

    But it was the first time I realized how protective of one’s addiction someone can be.

    I was estranged from both of my brothers and my parents. It felt right. I was (and still am) eternally grateful to my oldest brother for taking care of me growing up, but he’d started drinking heavily—like our mom. And the other one had graduated to bigger and badder drugs. He discovered cocaine.

    PTSD and an Abusive Relationship

    While in therapy, I was diagnosed with PTSD and a panic disorder. As my brother promised, just because I pushed all that shit away didn’t mean it never happened. As my mom used to say all the time, “You push it down here, it comes up there,” meaning you can run from something for only so long. I had to deal with the dysfunction I grew up in, and I had to work really hard to keep myself from repeating their mistakes.

    Sometimes echoes of that dysfunction showed up in my life despite my best efforts. My boyfriend at the time started using coke and became abusive. How had I chosen someone who was a perverse combination of both my parents? I was trying to figure out a way to leave without him coming for me. With his continued coke use, he was paranoid and controlling. I hadn’t communicated to him or anyone else my intention to leave but somehow, he knew.

    I was taking a creative writing class, and the first assignment was to write an essay using five descriptions to portray a person or an event. The professor gave us just one bit of instruction: “Show, don’t tell.” The next time I was in my boyfriend’s car, leaving Manhattan for his place in Brooklyn, I paid close attention.

    The tires slicked against the wet pavement; it had rained while we were in the midtown Manhattan movie theatre. Focused on the road in front of him, his left hand was on the steering wheel. He tilted his head slightly to meet the outstretched fingers on his right hand, so he could twist his newly forming dreadlocs. He turned his still tilted head very slowly to look at me. His forehead wrinkled, and his eyes like big beads of brown glass, narrowed. He peered at me from over his wireframe glasses. He said, “Mookie, I have loved you my entire life. Even before I knew you, I loved you. The thought of you no longer being in my life scares me. I can never let that happen. Besides, nobody will ever love you like I do: not your parents and definitely not your brothers.” He didn’t look at me long enough to see my reaction. He was like a dog who sensed fear and he was prepared to act on it. Now, with his eyes back on the road, his voice lacked emotion. “Mookie, I can make life for you as sweet as honey or as bitter as unsweetened cocoa. It’s all in your power.”

    After I finished reading my essay aloud, I looked around the classroom. The instructor and other students all had very large eyes. One student said, “Um, Sarah, that scared the shit out of me. You are planning on leaving him, aren’t you?”

    I wanted to leave, but I didn’t realize just how serious he was about preventing me from going. As his coke use escalated, he became more violent and things ended very badly. A few years ago, I finally admitted to people how bad things had gotten between us. My very first published piece is a personal essay about the last violent moments we were together. Trigger warning!

    It’s no surprise to me that even with seven years of therapy I still chose an abusive addict as a partner. What else had I known growing up the way I did? Both my parents died without any reconciliation between us. My mother, who never stopped drinking and smoked four packs of cigarettes a day, died suddenly of a stroke when I was 27. My father died eight years later of cancer. I never had the chance to reconcile with my mother, so I tried very hard to correct this with my father. But it takes two people, and he wasn’t willing.

    Understanding and Forgiveness

    Although I hadn’t consciously chosen an addict for a partner, I understand why I did. People have asked me whether I blame my mother, brothers, and my ex-boyfriend. Much as I want to, I can’t. There are many misconceptions about growing up in a home with an addict or an alcoholic, and while it might seem my brothers embody all those misconceptions, I also know for a fact that nobody chooses to become an addict and that many times it’s the result of trying to escape the realities of one’s surroundings. I believe my mother drank because she married a mean and abusive person who prevented her from realizing her dream of being a writer. Given the environment I grew up in and the likelihood of an inherited gene, I could easily have become an alcoholic. Because I had relatives who intervened and I started therapy early on, I believe I was spared and that I must forgive rather than blame. This includes my ex-boyfriend, who saw his father get drunk every Friday night and beat the crap out of his mother.

    As I evolved, I became better at taking care of myself and 18 years ago, I married a really wonderful man who is the antithesis of my ex-boyfriend. He’s the only person outside of my therapist who knows my entire story.

    I also tried to reconcile with both my brothers. Marco quit drinking 15 years ago, so I thought there was hope. But I quickly discovered he was white-knuckling it. I think he’s still angry about losing his childhood so he could be our full-time caregiver. My other brother quit using cocaine after he overdosed, but he still drinks heavily.

    They both know I’ll be here when they’re ready.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Opioid Epidemic Will Get Worse, Researchers Says

    Opioid Epidemic Will Get Worse, Researchers Says

    Using computer modeling, researchers predicted that overdose deaths will kill 81 ,700 people in 2025 unless drastic changes are made.

    Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital have grim news about the opioid epidemic: It’s likely to continue worsening in the coming years, unless widespread, drastic policy changes are taken to address illicit drug use. 

    The study, published in the journal JAMA Network Open, showed that even with efforts to more tightly control access to prescription opioids, overdose deaths will continue to rise.

    Using computer modeling, researchers predicted that overdose deaths will kill 81 ,700 people in 2025, most of whom will die from illicit opioids. Further restricting access to prescription opioids will only reduce that number by 3%-5.3%, researchers found. 

    “This study demonstrates that initiatives focused on the prescription opioid supply are insufficient to bend the curve of opioid overdose deaths in the short and medium term,” Dr. Marc Larochelle of the Grayken Center for Addiction at Boston Medical Center said in a press release. “We need policy, public health and health care delivery efforts to amplify harm reduction efforts and access to evidence-based treatment.”

    Jagpreet Chhatwal, who co-authored the paper with Larochelle and others, said that more drastic measures are needed to target the use of illicit opioids. 

    “If we rely solely on controlling the supply of prescription opioids, we will fail miserably at stemming the opioid overdose crisis. Illicit opioids now cause the majority of overdose deaths, and such deaths are predicted to increase by 260%—from 19,000 to 68,000—between 2015 and 2025,” said Chhatwal. “A multi-pronged approach—including strategies to identify those with opioid use disorder, improved access to medications like methadone and buprenorphine, and expansion of harm reduction services such as the overdose-reversal drug naloxone—will be required to reduce the rate of opioid overdose deaths.” 

    Chhatwal said that while easy access to prescription opioids may have contributed to the crisis, today the epidemic is more about illicit opioids including fentanyl and its analogues. Because of this, efforts to reduce overdose deaths need to focus on addressing the population of people who are using illegal drugs. 

    “The opioid epidemic started with a sharp increase in opioid prescriptions for pain in the 1990s; but since 2010 the crisis has shifted, with a leveling off of deaths due to prescription opioid overdoses and an increase in overdose deaths due to heroin,” he said.

    “In the past five years, deaths have accelerated with the introduction of the powerful synthetic opioid fentanyl into the opioid supply, leading to a continuing increase in overdose deaths at time when the supply of prescription opioids is decreasing.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Nintendo President Addresses Gaming Addiction

    Nintendo President Addresses Gaming Addiction

    Nintendo’s president Shuntaro Furukawa outlined the ways the company can help address gaming addiction during a recent Q&A.

    As the debate about whether a dependency on video games qualifies as a legitimate medical condition continues to rage in both the gaming and mental health communities, the president of Nintendo spoke about his company’s efforts to address the issue at a recent investor meeting.

    During a Q&A at a corporate policy and financial results briefing, Shuntaro Furukawa said that Nintendo has added features to its gaming products that will allow parents to reduce or limit the amount of time that children can spend with the game. Such features, said Furukawa, is “one way we can face the issues.”

    Furukawa said that the core of the problem was “more about becoming overly dependent on video games than is about any issues with the games themselves,” and assured investors that Nintendo had taken measures to address the concerns. “One thing we have done as a company that creates games is to implement features that allow parents to limit the time that their children can play games.”

    Such features, as well as making the public aware of them, is “one way” that the company can address concerns about gaming addiction, said Furukawa, though no additional measures were addressed during the Q&A.

    Furukawa’s comments come on the heels of a fact-finding survey issued by Japan’s Ministry of Health to estimate the number of people who may be addicted to gaming as well as the impact on their lives.

    According to the Japan Times, the ministry launched its investigation in late 2018 and will assemble data from medical institutions until March of 2019 at the earliest to provide statistics.

    Current numbers of individuals in Japan who qualify as dependent on gaming are unknown, but the Japan Times article cited figures from Susumu Higuchi, director of the National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction, who said that 1,500 people annually seek treatment at the center for internet addiction, and 90% of that number were described as “gaming addicts” between the ages of 10 and 19.

    In 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that it was including “gaming disorder” in its most recent revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) compendium, and based its decision on “reviews of available evidence” and testimony from a “consensus of experts from different disciplines.” The decision was rejected by members of the international gaming industry, which cited the need for more research into the alleged disorder before it was included in the ICD-11.

    The Entertainment Software Association also cited statements by the American Medical Association (AMA) that opposed its addition to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, though as PC Games Insider noted, the AMA also expressed concern about the “behavioral, health and societal effects of video game and internet overuse.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • El Chapo Trial Ends, Leaving Drug Lord Facing Life In Prison

    El Chapo Trial Ends, Leaving Drug Lord Facing Life In Prison

    El Chapo’s sentencing hearing is set for June 25.

    The three-month long trial of El Chapo, whose real name is Joaquín Guzmán Loera, came to an end on Tuesday (Feb. 12), the New York Times reports. Guzmán was found guilty of leading a Mexican drug cartel, the Sinaloa cartel, and aiding in smuggling tons of drugs into the United States. He was found convicted on all 10 charges he faced. 

    The determination from the jury was given more than a week after the deliberations started in Federal District Court in Brooklyn, New York. During the trial, 56 witnesses spokes against Guzmán, 14 of whom had worked with him at one point. 

    “Confronting this onslaught, Mr. Guzmán’s lawyers offered little in the way of an affirmative defense, opting instead to use cross-examination to attack the credibility of the witnesses, most of whom were seasoned criminals with their own long histories of lying, cheating, drug dealing and killing,” the Times reports. 

    Guzmán’s sentencing hearing is set for June 25. He faces life in prison, though it is not yet determined where he will serve his time.

    U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of New York, Richard P. Donoghue, spoke outside the courthouse. He stated that the verdict was a victory. “There are those who say the war on drugs is not worth fighting,” Mr. Donoghue added. “Those people are wrong.”

    Guzmán’s lawyers say they plan to file an appeal. 

    “When he came here he was already presumed guilty by everyone, unfortunately. We weren’t just fighting evidence, we were fighting perception,” said A. Eduardo Balarezo, one of his lawyers. 

    Despite the fact that aspects of the cartel were uncovered and Guzmán was convicted, the Times reports that the Sinaloa cartel is still in operation. In fact, the Drug Enforcement Administration states that in 2016 and 2017, when Guzmán was taken into custody for the final time, heroin production in Mexico still grew by 37% and border seizures of fentanyl “more than doubled.”

    Ángel Meléndez, the special agent in charge for Homeland Security Investigations, tells the Times that the outcome of this case drives home an important message to others involved in trafficking.

    “One of the important things about this conviction is that it sends a resounding message,” he said. “You’re not unreachable, you’re not untouchable and your day will come.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Sober Krew Turns Sobriety Support On Its Head

    Sober Krew Turns Sobriety Support On Its Head

    “The man above has blessed me with this talent to skate on my hands, so I use it to share my story in the skate parks,” said the founder of the Sober Crew.

    Nate Provost has an unusual talent: he can ride his skateboard on his hands. Not just for a moment, but for up to half a mile. While that may seem like a useless, if impressive, party trick, it does have a purpose—Provost uses it to grab people’s attention and talk to them about sobriety. 

    “The man above has blessed me with this talent to skate on my hands, so I use it to share my story in the skate parks,” Provost, who lives in Oregon, told The Mail Tribune

    Provost’s story is not a particularly happy one. He started using drugs at a young age and estimates that he has lost most than 100 friends to overdoses and accidents caused by drug use. He himself almost died in a horrible car crash. Instead, he survived and vowed to get sober. 

    Today, Provost is more than three years sober, and has started a thriving Facebook group to support people in recovery. The group, Sober Krew, has more than 9,000 members, all of whom come to get and give support. Provost and his sponsor, David Genesis, started the group as a way to give back. 

    “As we found recovery and turned our lives around, we knew we wanted to give back. We want to provide a bright, supportive environment when people are in need of support in recovery,” Genesis said. 

    Provost, 33, says he keeps a close eye on the page so that the tone remains upbeat. 

    “There is no negativity allowed,” he said. The group is an important lifeline for many, and has even reached out to people who were contemplating suicide. The group also welcomes people who are still struggling with addiction but are trying to get sober. 

    Provost and Genesis said they grew up middle class in loving families, but still fell victim to drugs. 

    “I came from a great family. I just chose a dark path. (Because of it) I had a rough life and eventually pushed my family away,” Provost said. Luckily, in recovery he has reconnected with his family, including his three kids. 

    When he was using, Provost did virtually any drugs he could get his hands on. 

    “I would go to parties and immediately head to the bathroom or the kitchen. That’s where it all goes down. I wasn’t there for the party. I was there for the drugs,” he said. 

    However, today he realizes that his life is better without substances. 

    “My life’s good right now,” he said. “I am not numb anymore. I hear birds chirp… which I never did before. I am grateful.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Inside North Korea’s Meth Epidemic

    Inside North Korea’s Meth Epidemic

    “Ice has become a best-selling holiday gift item. Drug dealers don’t have enough supply for their buyers,” said one North Korean source.

    One might assume that one of the harshest dictatorships on earth would have a zero-tolerance policy for drugs, but reports suggest that North Korea has a thriving methamphetamine market, and that the drug is even a popular gift for the Lunar New Year. 

    “Ice has become a best-selling holiday gift item,” a North Korean source told Radio Free Asia. “Drug dealers don’t have enough supply for their buyers.”

    According to the New York Times, methamphetamine has long been associated with North Korea. A 2014 report found that the state began manufacturing and exporting methamphetamine in the 1990s as a way to access currency despite trade restrictions.

    Most of the meth was exported through China or given at sea to criminal organizations from Japan and China. The production was “clearly sponsored and controlled” by the government, the report found, but it began to decline in the mid-2000s. 

    With no government-sanctioned channels to export the drug, many manufacturers began selling to locals. Over time, meth became a popular gift used at celebrations, including New Year’s. 

    “Since the mid-2000s, drugs have become commonplace and the people now think that the holidays are not a joyful time if there are no drugs for them to enjoy,” the source told Radio Free Asia. “Social stigmas surrounding drug use [have disappeared], so people now feel that something big is missing if they don’t have ice or opium prepared as a holiday gift.”

    It’s become so mainstream that people no longer try to hide their use, the source said. 

    “In the past, ice users would try to be discreet, not wanting others to know that they were buying, but these days nobody seems to care.”

    Political scientist Justin Hastings, who studies North Korean drug trafficking, said that so many officials take bribes that the country’s economy benefits from looking the other way when it comes to meth use. 

    “Over time, this has resulted in a culture where people are willing to take risks to make money, and official state prohibition has little meaning,” he said. 

    In addition, the culture doesn’t view meth as a powerful and harmful addictive drug, but rather sees it as a small indulgence. North Korea expert Andrei Lankov says that there is a “significant underestimation” about the risks of drug use in North Korea. 

    “Meth, until recently, has been largely seen inside North Korea as a kind of very powerful energy drug—something like Red Bull, amplified,” he said.

    Despite this attitude, more North Koreans are becoming addicted to the drug, according to a second source who spoke with Radio Free Asia

    “An increasing number of people are becoming addicted, and ice is sold even in rural and remote areas,” they said. 

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Jersey Shore's Ronnie Ortiz-Magro Breaks Silence On Rehab Stay

    Jersey Shore's Ronnie Ortiz-Magro Breaks Silence On Rehab Stay

    Ortiz-Magro said he decided to get help because to be a “better person, a better father for my daughter.”

    One of the original stars of Jersey Shore, Ronnie Ortiz-Magro, revealed his battles with depression and alcohol addiction in an interview with Us Weekly on Tuesday. The 33-year-old reality TV celebrity spoke on his recent decision to enter rehab, motivated by his desire to be a good role model for his daughter.

    “I decided to go to treatment because I wanted to be a better person, a better father for my daughter,” Otiz-Magro said. “Eventually, all the bad decisions I was making were going to lead me to places that I didn’t want to be. I wanted to be led to the place that I am now – that’s happy, healthy and the best role model for my daughter.”

    Ortiz-Magro has a little girl, Ariana Sky Magro, with his on-again-off-again girlfriend Jen Harley. Around the new year entering 2019, the couple had a violent fight that ended in a bloody face for Ortiz-Magro. Us Weekly reported that a source described their relationship as volatile.

    In the interview, the reality star admitted to not being proud of many of the things he’s done over the years, that he was making the wrong decisions, and was “very depressed.” Going into addiction treatment, he described himself as depressed, angry, and “resentful to myself about a lot of things I’ve done over the last year, or even years.”

    Like many individuals involved in the fast-paced life of stardom, Ortiz-Magro developed problems with drinking over a period of years and found himself feeling increasingly out of control.

    “I think it’s a chronic disease. It’s a progressive disease. I’m still struggling,” he explained. “You stop and you start up again, and it’s worse than when you stopped. You’re just like, ‘Wow, I thought I had this under control,’ but at the end of the day, it has full control over you.”

    Ortiz-Magro is not the only person involved in the Jersey Shore franchise to face addiction. Mike “The Situation” Sorrentino spoke in 2018 about the drug use that led to some of his reckless behavior. In season four, Sorrentino landed himself in the hospital after intentionally slamming his head into a concrete wall that he thought was drywall.

    “For a couple of years, from season two on to five, I was really pushing the envelope on my behavior,” Sorrentino told The Asbury Park Press of New Jersey. “I was very wild, very careless, reckless.”

    He checked himself into rehab in 2012 in order to get treatment for his addiction to oxycodone. He has since married his college sweetheart and appears to be doing well.

    View the original article at thefix.com