Author: The Fix

  • Too Often, Insurers Cover Opioids But Not Addiction Treatment Meds

    Too Often, Insurers Cover Opioids But Not Addiction Treatment Meds

    “Buprenorphine and methadone are incredibly effective medications… So I really do think it’s a stigma issue.”

    As is the case for many people battling opioid addiction, Mandy’s dependency started at home. She was prescribed an opioid for back pain, and her insurance company gladly covered the cost of the pills.

    However, after Mandy became dependent on opioids and was prescribed buprenorphine to help with her rehabilitation program, her insurer stepped back, unwilling to pay.

    “It makes me want to go out and use [drugs],” Mandy said when she spoke to Vox. The 29-year-old who lives in the Chicago area asked that only her first name be used. “It’s way easier to get opiates or heroin… It’s so much easier than dealing with this bullshit.” 

    Many Americans who had no problem getting their insurance companies to pay for addictive opioid pain pills have found that getting insurers to cover treatment—particularly medication-assisted treatment (MAT) that relies on pharmaceuticals like buprenorphine—is an uphill battle despite the fact that the drugs have been proven effective. 

    “Buprenorphine and methadone are incredibly effective medications,” said Tami Mark, a health economist at RTI International, a non-profit that conducts policy research. “If you had any other drug with their kind of effect size, it would be immediately covered… So I really do think it’s a stigma issue.”

    For people in early recovery, like Mandy, refusals to cover medications or delays in getting prescriptions approved can be deadly.

    “The risk of relapse is incredibly high,” said Sara Ballare-Jones, a social work case manager at the University of Kansas Health System. She often has patients wait three days to get their medications approved because they require prior authorization from the insurance companies.

    In Mandy’s case her claim was denied, leaving her to pay out of pocket for buprenorphine, which costs nearly $3,000 each year. The 29-year-old said that is a huge amount to have to pay while also handling daily expenses like student loans and rent.

    “I’m feeling all these old issues and all this shit, and then it’s just more bullshit,” she said. “I’m just trying to reenter society… It’s really hard.”

    It’s also incredibly frustrating for Mandy, who knows firsthand how easy it is to get insurers to cover opioids. “I never paid a dime for my opioids. Those were always covered,” she said. “But I’m paying all this money for the treatment.”

    Mandy’s doctor, Dennis Brightwell, said that he usually sees issues with private insurance companies. While Medicaid is required to cover most medication-assisted treatments, most private insurers balk at covering them, putting vulnerable patients in an awkward position.

    “If you send a commercial patient to the pharmacy, you don’t know until they get there how it’s going to go,” Brightwell said. “Sometimes it’s not such a problem. Sometimes it’s a prior authorization that is pretty straightforward. Sometimes it’s very difficult to get them to approve it. And there’s not an easy way to find out upfront what medications they approve.” 

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Drug Shortages Affect Hospitals Across US

    Drug Shortages Affect Hospitals Across US

    The national drug shortage has been severe enough for the FDA to allow Pfizer to sell products that normally would have been recalled.

    Emergency departments across the United States are feeling the strain of drug shortages that are affecting physicians’ ability to treat pain and other ailments.

    According to the New York Times, some hospitals, like Norwegian American Hospital in Chicago, have been “struggling for months” lacking crucial drugs like morphine, epinephrine (adrenaline) and diltiazem, a heart medication. Norwegian has not had morphine since March of this year, the Times reported.

    According to a May 2018 survey of 247 emergency doctors, conducted by the American College of Emergency Physicians, 9 in 10 said they did not have access to important medicines, which they said negatively affected nearly 4 in 10 patients.

    While the Times notes that while the reason behind the drug shortage is complex—including the fact that drug companies have little incentive to manufacture drugs that are difficult to make but “cheaply priced”—much of it has to do with manufacturing issues at Pfizer, which produces the majority of generic injectable drugs in the U.S.

    “Most of the time, the problem is some type of quality issue related to machine or raw materials,” said Erin Fox, senior director of the University of Utah’s drug information and support services, according to CBS News. “It could be contaminated particles, bacteria, metal shavings, glass particles—all kinds of things. There’s a real quality control problem.”

    Pfizer has received multiple warning letters from the Food and Drug Administration regarding issues of quality control, forcing it to slow down production while it addresses these issues. The company estimated that many of its drugs, like morphine, will not be available until 2019, according to the Times.

    Incredibly, the drug shortage has been severe enough for the FDA to allow “Pfizer to sell products that normally would have been recalled: In May, Pfizer released morphine and other drugs in cracked syringes, with instructions to health care providers to filter the drugs before injecting them,” the Times reported.

    Being the largest pharmaceutical company in the nation, Pfizer’s shortage issues have carried over to competitors who have struggled to fill the void.

    The lack of pain medications has been a “huge issue,” according to one emergency room doctor at Norwegian American Hospital. “[Patients] are often disappointed and frustrated that the system is not functioning at the level it should be.”

    Fox, who studies drug shortages, explained that the shortage of pain medications not only has to do with manufacturing issues, but opioid restrictions put in place by the government in response to the drug abuse epidemic.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Parents Reunited With Son After Losing Custody For Treating Epilepsy With Marijuana

    Parents Reunited With Son After Losing Custody For Treating Epilepsy With Marijuana

    The teenager must undergo monthly drug tests and is not allowed to use the smokeable marijuana that helped his ailments. 

    After treating their chronically ill son’s debilitating seizures with smokeable marijuana, Matthew and Suzeanna Brill lost custody of 15-year-old David for more than a month and faced criminal charges as well as a possible prison sentence.

    But as High Times reported, the Georgia couple has been reunited with their son with help from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). The organization appealed to the Twiggs County Juvenile Court in support of the family and their son’s health issues; in response, the court issued a 12-month protective order, which allows the family to stay together, and may ultimately lead to dismissal of the criminal charges against the Brills.

    David Brill suffers from constant and severe epileptic seizures that, according to the Brills, did not respond to the marijuana extract cannabidiol (CBD) oil, which has been suggested by some clinical trials as an effective treatment for such a condition.

    Concerned for their son’s health, the Brills gave him smokeable marijuana—possession of which is considered a misdemeanor in the state of Georgia—which, they claimed, allowed him to live without seizures for nearly three months.

    The Brills said that they never forced David to smoke marijuana, and informed their doctors, a therapist and the police about their decision. 

    A visit from the police led to David’s removal from his family’s home by Georgia’s Division of Family and Children’s Services (DFCS) for more than 30 days, during which his seizures returned, while the Brills spent six days in jail on reckless conduct charges. Upon their release, the Brills launched a GoFundMe campaign to offset the cost of a lawyer to advocate for David’s return and their pending charges.

    But in late June 2018, the Georgia branch of the ACLU stepped in to file an amicus brief to reunite David with his parents, which argued that the Brills’ use of marijuana was done only to provide relief for their son and in a manner supported, albeit indirectly, by the Georgia Legislature, which allows the possession and use of 20 fluid ounces of low THC oil for specific medical conditions, including seizure disorders.

    In response to the ACLU’s efforts, the Twiggs County Juvenile Court issued a 12-month protective order, which reunited David with his parents on condition that the family checks in twice a month with the DFCS and provides them with his medical records.

    David must also undergo monthly drug tests, but will be allowed to continue to take cannabidiol along with other epilepsy medication to treat his seizures.

    If David does not test positive for THC and his parents cooperate with the DFCS, the juvenile court can terminate the protective order and dismiss the charges against Matthew and Suzeanna Brill. A review is scheduled for December 13, 2018.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • "No Evidence" That Medical Marijuana Works For Chronic Pain, Study Finds

    "No Evidence" That Medical Marijuana Works For Chronic Pain, Study Finds

    The study also found “no evidence” that marijuana use reduced prescription opioid use. 

    For those experiencing non-cancer chronic pain, medical marijuana may not be as effective as initially thought, according to a new study.

    According to Medical Xpressresearchers at UNSW Sydney, who led one of the longest community studies of its kind, discovered no obvious role when it comes to cannabis for the treatment of non-cancer chronic pain.

    The Pain and Opioids In Treatment (POINT) study, which took place over four years, discovered that participants who used marijuana for chronic pain reported they were “experiencing greater pain and anxiety, were coping less well with their pain, and reported that pain was interfering more in their life,” when compared to those not using medical marijuana

    “At four-year follow-up, compared with people with no cannabis use, we found that participants who used cannabis had a greater pain severity score, for less frequent cannabis use, greater pain interference score, lower pain self-efficacy scores and greater generalized anxiety disorder severity scores,” authors wrote. “We found no evidence of a temporal relationship between cannabis use and pain severity or pain interference, and no evidence that cannabis use reduced prescribed opioid use or increased rates of opioid discontinuation.”

    Researchers did not find any clear evidence that medical marijuana reduced severity of pain or had participants decrease opioid use or dosage. When it comes to medical marijuana, chronic non-cancer pain is the most common reason for use. 

    The length of this study sets it apart from others, Medical Xpress points out. The POINT study recruited participants through community pharmacies, then completed an overall assessment of their level of pain, physical and mental health, and medication and marijuana use each year. 

    Of the 1,514 participants, about 80% completed all the assessments, Medical Xpress states. The median number of years of chronic pain was about 10 and the number of years having taken opioids for the pain was about four. Rates of physical and mental health issues among participants were high, Medical Xpress says.

    The results of the study were published in Lancet Public Health and imply there may not be as many benefits to medical marijuana as previously thought.

    “Chronic non-cancer pain is a complex problem,” said lead author Dr. Gabrielle Campbell. “For most people, there is unlikely to be a single effective treatment… In our study of people living with chronic non-cancer pain who were prescribed pharmaceutical opioids, despite reporting perceived benefits from cannabis use, we found no strong evidence that cannabis use reduced participants’ pain or opioid use over time.”

    This study was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council and led by the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre at UNSW Sydney.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • 2 States Become First To Require Mental Health Education In Schools

    2 States Become First To Require Mental Health Education In Schools

    Mental health advocates believe early intervention is key to lowering the suicide rate and effectively addressing mental health.

    Mental health education is now required in two U.S. states, New York and Virginia, from as young as the elementary school level. The respective laws were enacted on Sunday, July 1.

    The goal is to counter the growing suicide rate and give support to young people who may be vulnerable to mental illness early on. Suicide is the second leading cause of death among people aged 15-24, according to the CDC.

    Since 1999, the suicide rate has increased by 30% in the United States, the agency reported in June.

    Mental health advocates believe that early intervention is key to lowering the suicide rate and effectively addressing mental health. The New York law states that “90% of youth who die by suicide suffer from depression or another diagnosable and treatable mental illness at the time of their death.”

    Lack of mental health support can result in fatal consequences. Virginia state Senator Creigh Deeds saw this for himself, with the suicide death of his 24-year-old son Austin “Gus” Deeds in 2013.

    In the aftermath, Deeds said “the system failed my son” when it could not provide a psychiatric bed less than 24 hours before his son’s death.

    Deeds created the Virginia law with the help of Albemarle County high school students who had presented a proposal to address mental health issues in schools to the state senator in 2017.

    “I was impressed by their thoughtfulness, because a lot of these young people had seen bullying. They had seen depression,” said Deeds, according to CNN. “They had seen classmates that had died by suicide. It’s part of tearing down the stigma and providing some equality with those that struggle with mental health.”

    Virginia’s law adds mental health education to the physical education and health curriculum for 9th and 10th graders.

    In New York, mental health is now included in the health curriculum in elementary, middle, and high schools. “[Mental health] is an integral part of our overall health and should be an integral part of health education in New York schools,” the law states.

    Half of lifetime mental health issues develop before age 14, but on average, most will wait 10 years before seeking help, according to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI).

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Garbage's Shirley Manson Pens Essay About Self-Harm

    Garbage's Shirley Manson Pens Essay About Self-Harm

    “Today I try to remain vigilant against these old thought patterns. I vow to hold my ground. I attempt to be kind, not only to myself but also to other people.”

    Shirley Manson has written a vulnerable op-ed for The New York Times, revealing that she began cutting herself as a teenager.

    Manson writes that as a rage-filled teenager who had been bullied, had no direction in life, and felt “crushing depression” and the beginnings of alcoholism, she had no outlet for her emotions.

    “I didn’t know I was a cutter until the first time I chose to cut. I didn’t even know it was a ‘thing,’” Manson wrote.

    After an argument with a boyfriend, Manson took a small, silver knife she had tied to her shoelace and spontaneously cut her arm. She experienced feelings of relief and release from rage.

    Manson wrote, “The problem of course with any practice of self-harm is that once you choose to indulge in it, you get better, more efficient, at it. I started to hurt myself more regularly. The cuts got deeper. I hid the scars under my stockings and never breathed a word about it to anyone.”

    After a long reprieve from cutting, Manson returned to self-harm when again under incredible stress, this time as a famous musician. She was finally able to work free from the self-destructive act with time, emotional growth, and recognition of what was leading her to cut.

    Manson reflects, “Today I try to remain vigilant against these old thought patterns. I vow to hold my ground. I choose to speak up. I attempt to be kind, not only to myself but also to other people. I surround myself with those who treat me well. I strive to be creative and determine to do things that make me happy. I believe it is not what we look like that is important, but who we are. It is how we choose to move through this bewildering world of ours that truly matters.”

    Shirley Manson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. She became famous as the vocalist for the alt-rock band Garbage. Garbage released their self-titled debut album in 1995 which went double platinum, with hits like “Only Happy When It Rains” and “Stupid Girl.”

    Manson told Consequence of Sound that Garbage will release a new album in 2019.

    On the band’s future U.S. concert schedule, Manson said, “It will be a very limited run. This year is supposed to be us writing our new record, so we loathe to take off too much time. But we understand there’s been a frenzy demand from the fans, so we’re going to try to put on a few dates [in the U.S.].”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • How Facebook Helped Me Overcome My Anxiety

    How Facebook Helped Me Overcome My Anxiety

    More than the actual anxiety was the anxiety about the anxiety. I felt tremendous shame for having negative feelings at all.

    It was 3pm on a Tuesday, and I was sitting at my desk with my head on my keyboard; I was too revved up to sit still, much less concentrate on work. I was in the midst of a resurgence of my lifelong anxiety and couldn’t talk to anyone or even focus on anything. Months later, I would finally be diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).

    The diagnosis was a relief. It made sense of overwhelming feelings I’d had my whole life that had mostly been regarded as a character flaw. I grew up in an alcoholic home, and I’d been going to therapy for years to face the trauma of my childhood. For the first time I was feeling my emotions instead of mashing them down, and expressing anger before it turned into resentment. My anxiety had decreased throughout this process, but then I decided to get married. My fiance did nothing wrong, mind you, but somehow the thought of marriage made me feel trapped and put me mentally back in my childhood home. I grew incredibly anxious — and yet completely unaware of it.

    I’d had trouble sleeping for months but I wasn’t upset or stressed about anything — at least not anything conscious. My stomach felt like it’d been glued shut. I couldn’t eat. Soon enough my weight starting dropping enough for other people to comment on it. Compliments at first that slowly morphed into expressions of concern. I felt nervous all the time and I was hyper-vigilant, no matter who I encountered or where I was. If I was in a car, I’d flinch at the sight of another vehicle pulling out of a parking space as though it was about to hit me — even if it was well outside my physical range. I was sleeping two hours a night and not even feeling tired the next day. Sitting still felt like torture, and I was constantly second guessing myself as if I couldn’t trust my perceptions. I’d had episodes like this off and on for most of my life but I’d always pushed it down. But now, after a lot of therapy and ACOA recovery work, when the anxiety attacks returned, I had to acknowledge them. My overwhelming anxiety was there and I couldn’t hide it no matter how badly I wanted to.

    But that was the problem: I really really wanted to.

    More than the actual anxiety was the anxiety about the anxiety. I felt tremendous shame for having negative feelings at all. (All you ACOAs out there know what I’m talking about, right?) Growing up in my house, negative feelings had been treated like a disease that had to be banished. This didn’t just come from family but from the entire culture where I was raised. I explained to my therapist that even as an adult I felt like a streak of tar ran through me that marked me as broken, and I lived in constant fear of people seeing it. So when my anxiety revisited me, I tried to hide it, but piling that shame on top of it only made it worse. I wanted simultaneously to jump out of my own skin and hide inside my house forever.

    Then I remembered what Brene Brown said in her book on shame: that silence fed shame while a sense of common humanity combatted it. That meant talking about what I was feeling. Reaching out to tell someone was a major part of fighting shame because it made you feel less alone. Then it occurred to me: what if I just preempted this terror of someone discovering my anxious state and just told them? If I owned how I felt in advance, perhaps I’d feel less shame because I wouldn’t be so desperate to hide it. Problem was, any time I tried to talk about it in person, I completely fell to bits and I didn’t exactly want to put myself through that over and over again.

    So instead I opted to put it on Facebook.

    Of course, Facebook is the capital of oversharing and I normally kept my digital shouting box strictly to jokes. But I just didn’t see a better way to inform people of what I was going through or that my behavior might be different than my usual. In fairness to Brene Brown, she clarifies that reaching out to others in order to combat shame needs to be aimed at people who are receptive to hearing your pain. She definitely doesn’t suggest blasting it all over your social media. But that’s what I did.

    I wrote a long explanation of my mental state asking for compassion rather than advice and hit “post” before I could change my mind. Now, I should be clear that I didn’t exactly blast this to everyone I knew on Facebook. I used customized security settings so only those in the same city as me and my oldest, closest friends could see it, and I blocked my whole family as well as loose acquaintances. I hit post and immediately shut my laptop, vowing not to log into Facebook for at least a couple hours. I’d purposely planned my post to coincide with a concert I was attending because I knew it would prevent me from checking my phone constantly. I figured if anyone was judgemental or shaming, the bite might sting less if several hours had gone by — or possibly I wouldn’t even notice it in a flood of other tiny red notifications.

    When I finally gathered the courage to open Facebook again, I had a torrent of messages and notifications. Most of them carried the same sentiment: I have anxiety, too. While I’d certainly blasted my personal world with my emotional state hoping to get some level empathy, I didn’t anticipate which corners of my social circles would be delivering it. Close friends of mine, people I used to share every secret with, messaged to tell me they’d recently gone through something similar and not talked about it. Acquaintances wrote with ideas and (indeed) some advice. Much of the advice wasn’t especially helpful, but knowing that I wasn’t alone made a world of difference. For months afterward, casual acquaintances told me that sharing my experience actually helped them feel less alone, which I hadn’t even thought about.

    I can’t pretend like simply talking about my anxiety made it go away or even lessen much. It still took another year of focus, self care, and work before I truly felt like myself again. Sharing my anxiety online allowed me to deal with it without shame and without feeling like I was broken. In other words, it meant one less roadblock to contend with, and — given my emotional state at the time — I might not have made it through the anxiety without it.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Tougher Laws, Stricter Prescription Limits For Opioids In Tennessee

    Tougher Laws, Stricter Prescription Limits For Opioids In Tennessee

    The state’s TN Together opioid plan is a multi-faceted initiative with three areas of focus: prevention, treatment, and law enforcement.

    In Tennessee, Governor Bill Haslam has put together a new plan to fight the opioid epidemic, called TN Together.

    New laws just passed in Tennessee include policies from Governor Haslam’s plan, intended to both decrease access to opioids and to incentivize treatment for those suffering from dependence, according to WSMV News.

    Beginning July 1, the laws include Henry’s Law, created by the family of Henry Granju, a teenage boy who died in east Tennessee from an opioid overdose.

    Henry’s Law requires that a person convicted of second-degree murder resulting from unlawful distribution of Schedule I or II drugs where the victim is a minor be punished from within one range higher than they would normally be charged. Henry’s Law creates tougher laws for people convicted of second-degree murder by distributing drugs to minors.

    Henry’s mother, Katie Granju, told The Fix, “I’m a harm reduction supporter who also believes that drug-induced homicide prosecutions are vital in addressing the opioid epidemic.”

    Katie Granju’s son Henry was being supplied opioids at age 18 by adult dealers before his fatal overdose. 

    Tennessee will begin limiting a first opioid prescription to a five-day supply with daily dosage limits of 40 MME.

    Exceptions will be made for major surgical procedures, cancer and hospice treatment, as well as treatment in certain licensed facilities.

    The TN Together plan also intends to provide every Tennessee state trooper with naloxone for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose. 

    The Tennessee Municipal League states that the TN Together plan is a multi-faceted initiative with three areas of focus: prevention, treatment, and law enforcement. Haslam said the initiative will include legislation, executive actions, and task forces. 

    The $37.5 billion Tennessee state budget sets aside more than $16 million to fight the opioid epidemic through additional services.

    On June 29, Haslam tweeted about the bill, “My final bill signing ceremony today was an important one: the @TNTogether legislation is critical to fighting the opioid crisis in Tennessee. Thank you to the many partners across the state who will work together through this initiative to address opioid abuse.”

    According to The TN Municipal League, the number of opioid-related overdose deaths in the U.S. has quadrupled since 1999; Tennessee remains one of the top 15 of all states in drug overdose deaths. 

    Tennesseans are more likely to die of an opioid-related overdose than in a vehicle crash. Three people die of overdose in Tennessee each day.

    “It is an epidemic. It has reached this state,” Brian Sullivan with Addiction Campuses in Nashville told WSMN News. “We believe this is a step in the right direction.”

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Fentanyl Use Rising Across The US

    Fentanyl Use Rising Across The US

    The potent synthetic opioid has been showing up more on its own, rather than mixed with other drugs.

    The use of fentanyl, the synthetic opioid said to be 50 times as potent as heroin, is growing on both a local and national level, according to new research.

    A new analysis, conducted by Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) researchers, found that fentanyl was present in nearly 50% of overdose deaths in Marion County, Indiana in 2017. This is a significant increase compared to less than a decade prior, when fentanyl was present in fewer than 15% of overdose deaths.

    “We found fentanyl present in 47% of cases,” said Brad Ray, assistant professor at IUPUI’s School of Public and Environmental Affairs. “That’s nearly half of every single person that dies of a drug overdose. That’s far outpaced heroin.”

    These numbers mirror national statistics. In May, the Journal of the American Medical Association published research that showed that of the 42,249 opioid-related deaths in the United States in 2016, almost 46% involved fentanyl. Six years prior—similar to the IUPUI research—fentanyl was involved in just 14% of opioid-related deaths.

    The IUPUI research also found that over time, the potent opioid has been showing up more on its own, rather than mixed with other drugs, according to the Indy Star. When fentanyl first emerged as a threat to public health, it was said primarily to be used to boost the potency of heroin and other drugs.

    A previous study by IUPUI’s School of Public and Environmental Affairs from 2017 reported an association between tighter opioid restrictions and an increase in opioid-related deaths.

    Researchers looked at prescription data from Indiana’s prescription drug monitoring program and analyzed that alongside toxicology data from the Marion County Coroner’s office, which tracks the specific substances involved in each drug-related death. With that, they found an “alarming trend”: the prescription drug crackdown occurred alongside a “considerable” rise in heroin and fentanyl overdoses.

    “As people move away from pills, they do move on to heroin,” explained Ray, who was the lead author of that study. “It’s a cheaper substance to purchase but it’s much more dangerous because you don’t know what’s in it, you don’t know how much to take.”

    Ray went on to say that a lack of treatment options in Indiana exacerbates the issue.

    View the original article at thefix.com

  • Country Music's Complicated Relationship With Alcohol

    Country Music's Complicated Relationship With Alcohol

    From songs about drowning heartache with whiskey to ones about partying with rum, country music’s link to alcohol is almost as old as the genre itself.

    Country music has been associated with drinking practically since its incarnation, but in the age of recovery some think the relationship between the popular music genre and alcohol has become more complicated.

    The Washington Post recently chronicled the long-running relationship between alcohol and country music.

    Country musicians have a long tradition of writing songs about drinking and drowning your sorrows in alcohol, to the point where Nashville has even been jokingly called “a drinking town with a music problem.”

    It’s also been a big part of the music’s culture since the days of Hank Williams, a hard-partying country star who was a bad influence on a lot of his peers. After a long battle with alcoholism and pill addiction, Williams died from a heart attack at the age of 29.  

    Songwriter Bobby Bare, who recently wrote a song called “I Drink,” told the Post, “Everybody I know wanted to be like Hank Williams. And everyone I know bought into the drinking. You figure if Hank did it, it must be OK.”

    Late country icon Waylon Jennings called it “Hank Williams syndrome,” according to the Post.

    In a 1988 interview, rising country star Keith Whitley said, “I thought everybody had to drink to be in this business. Lefty Frizzell drank, Hank drank, George Jones was still drinking, and I had to. That’s just the way it was. You couldn’t put that soul in your singing if you weren’t about three sheets in the wind.”

    Whitley died at 33 years old from alcohol poisoning in 1989.

    But the modern country music scene has refocused its relationship with alcohol. Now, there are more songs about drinking and having a good time, á la Jimmy Buffett, and a lot of modern country musicians often have to keep up their party image, even when they’re sober.

    It’s an image that’s being projected to a much younger audience. The Country Music Association reports that the 18-to-24 age group of country fans has increased by 54% in the last decade.

    As the president of Sony/ATV Music Publishing in Nashville told the Post, “For the younger country consumer, alcohol in a celebratory manner is very relatable.”

    Brad Paisley, who is sober, had a big hit with the song “Alcohol,” and he brings out a bar onstage when he performs the tune, even though the drinks on tap are usually non–alcoholic.

    Dierks Bentley told the Post that at his gigs, “People are coming out to blow off steam and have a great time. I’m kind of like the lead bartender: Jumping up on the bar table, drinking shots with you and singing ballads with you like at an old Irish pub somewhere.”

    In today’s country music climate, some artists have been afraid to be openly sober. Ray Scott is one country artist in recovery who was concerned that fans would turn against him because he stopped partying.

    He told Variety, “Some fans can kind of build you up to be this thing that they think you are, and a couple of these songs sort of painted a picture of who I was. I’ve been pleased that people take it for what it is. It’s just fun music; I don’t have to live the part.”

    Today’s country scene is also strongly connected with alcohol companies who make a lot of money when artists namecheck their brands. Kenny Chesney launched a successful rum company that sponsors his tours, and the company’s sales have nearly tripled in the last three years.

    The country group Smithfield has even pointed out the paradox of singing a sad drinking ballad, “Hey Whiskey,” while they have an endorsement with Rebecca Creek Distillery.

    As Smithfield singer Jennifer Fiedler confessed, “It’s kind of weird, because if you listen to the song, we always wonder, ‘Why do we have a whiskey endorsement?’ Because it’s like, the whole song is about how whiskey ruins [a] girl’s relationship—but hey, we’re handing out whiskey.” 

    View the original article at thefix.com